Standardized 

'manic} 


Shorthand 


[University  of  California 

Southern  Regional 

Library  Facility 


[HE  LIBRARY 


THE  UNIVERSITY 


OF  CALIFORNIA 


LOS  ANGELES 


THIS  SPECIAL   AUTOGRAPHED  COPY  OF 

Standardized 

Reporting 

Shorthand 

IS  PREPARED  FOR 


WHOSE  HELPFUL  CO-OPERATION,  TOGETHER  WITH  TH/E  GOOD-WILL 
AND  ASSISTANCE  OF  OTHER  MEMBERS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  SHORTHAND 
REPORTERS'  ASSOCIATION  HAS  MADE  THIS  PUBLICATION  POSSIBLE. 


STANDARDIZED 
REPORTING     SHORTHAND 

(Pitmanic) 


PRINCIPLES 

COMMONEST  ENGLISH  WORDS 
WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


Prepared  by   the   Standardization   Committee 

of  the 
National  Shorthand  Reporters'  Association 


Published  by  the  Association 
1921 


Copyright,  1921, 
by  the  National  Shorthand  Reporters'  Association. 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

INTRODUCTION 5 

STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES '11 

Consonants  and  Vowels        .         .         .         .         .         .   11-12 

Circles  and  Loops         .......  13-14 

jjj         Initial  Appendages       .         .        .        .  .         .         14 

BE 

Final  Appendages         .......  18 

[5          Lengthening          ........  21 

Halving          .........  23 

Past  Tense .         .  22,  25 

General  Principles        .......  25 

5?  Prefixes 27 

tt  Suffixes 29 

^  Systematic  Contractions        ......  33 

COMMONEST  ENGLISH  WORDS 35 

!HU  100  Commonest  Words       .         .         ...         .         .         36 

E  1000  Commonest  Words 37 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS  45 


448411 


INTRODUCTION 


INTRODUCTION 


This  Handbook  is  the  culmination  of  twelve  years' 
intermittent  work  by  the  Standardization  Committee 
of  the  National  Shorthand  Reporters'  Association. 
This  Committee  was  appointed  by  the  Association 
at  its  annual  convention  held  at  Lake  George,  N.Y., 
in  August,  1909,  following  a  paper  read  by  Mr. 
Thomas  Bengough  of  Toronto,  Canada,  outlining 
plans  and  methods  for  making  the  National  Associa- 
tion a  clearing  house  for  the  best  practice  of  the 
Pitmanic  verbatim  reporters  of  the  United  States 
and  Canada,  and  the  selection  of  the  most  approved 
shorthand  outlines  and  contractions  from  the  various 
modifications  of  Pitmanic  systems,  thus  putting  the 
whole  on  a  thoroughly  systematic  and  scientific  basis. 

The  high  ideal  set  before  the  Committee  was  two- 
fold : 

1.  That  each   shorthand  character  selected  for  a 
word  or  phrase,  standing  by  itself,  should  be  emi- 
nently facile,    free  from   confusion   or  conflict  with 
any    other   character,    and   when    properly   written, 
absolutely  legible  without  dependence  on   context. 

2.  That  the  notes  of  any  reporter  using  Standard- 
ized Shorthand  should  be  read  and  transcribed  cor- 
rectly by  any  other  reporter  or  trained  assistant. 

The  Committee  was  instructed  and  empowered  to 
collect  from  members  of  the  National  Association 
their  reporting  notes,  with  transcripts,  lists  of  abbre- 


6  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

viations  used,  suggestions  for  new  outlines,  and  re- 
ports as  to  difficulties,  clashings,  etc.,  these  to  be 
arranged  in  three  classes  : 

A.  Suggested  abbreviations  ; 

B.  Tentative  forms  ; 

C.  Adopted  outlines. 

Lists  in  Class  B  were  to  be  issued  to  members  for 
personal  test  and  report ;  lists  in  Class  C  were  to  be 
published  as  early  as  possible.  This  was  done  in 
1916,  and  t,he  present  list  of  word  signs  and  contrac- 
tions is  the  result  of  the  actual  testing  of  that  crude 
collection,  and  the  reaction  thereon  by  practical 
reporters  in  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

The  problem  set  before  the  Committee  was  to  find 
the  "  common  factor  "  in  the  Pitmanic  systems  as 
these  had  been  modified  or  developed  by  thousands 
of  verbatim  reporters,  no  two  of  whom  were  abso- 
lutely alike  in  tempera'ment.  training,  or  actual  at- 
tainment. This  was  the  ideal  phase  of  the  problem, 
sometimes  looked  upon  as  Utopian.  But  the  over- 
mastering desire  of  reporters  for  devices  that  would 
save  time  and  labor,  and  secure  ease  of  execution 
and  accuracy  of  outline,  gave  to  the  whole  project 
such  a  practical  appeal  that  during  the  long  period 
through  which  the  Committee  has  been  working  and 
investigating,  a  keen  interest  in  standardization  of 
shorthand  on  the  part  of  the  entire  reporting  profes- 
sion has  been  manifested. 

The  Committee  has  utilized  the  columns  of  the 
National  Sliortliand  Reporter  and  T/ie  Shorthand 
Writer,  organs  of  the  National  Association,  The 


INTRODUCTION  7 

Stenographer  and  Phonographic  World  and  other  short- 
hand journals,  for  correspondence,  interim  reports, 
discussions,  bulletins,  specimen  pages  of  Standard- 
ized Shorthand  and  contributed  abbreviations,  "Side- 
Study  on  Standardization, "and  various  other  methods 
of  publicity,  in  order  to  keep  up  the  interest  in  a 
work  which  to  many  seemed  to  drag  on  without 
much  to  show  in  the  way  of  actual  results.  The 
Committee  members  have  personally  experienced 
the  tedium  of  their  task,  but  notwithstanding  the 
numerous  delays  occasioned  by  illness,  stress  of 
work,  and  unavoidable  occurrences,  they  feel  a  great 
satisfaction  in  having  partly  accomplished  the  work 
outlined. 

The  personnel  of  the  Committee  has  remained 
constant  to  a  remarkable  degree  during  these  twelve 
years.  The  original  five  members  appointed  in  1909 
were  :  Thomas  Bengough,  Canadian  Senate  Reporter, 
Toronto,  Ontario;  Robert  S.  Taylor,  Court  Reporter, 
Minneapolis,  Minnesota;  Dr.  William  VVhitford, 
Medical  Reporter,  Chicago,  Illinois;  Edward  H. 
Eldridge,  Ph.D.,  Simmons  College,  Boston,  Mass.; 
F.  Berryman,  Court  Reporter,  Toronto,  Ontario. 

In  1911  the  Committee  was  enlarged  by  the  addi- 
tion of  the  following  members  :  J.  Forclyce  Wood, 
Court  Reporter  and  Handwriting  Expert,  Portland, 
Oregon  (now  of  Chicago,  Illinois);  William  M. 
Higgins,  Court  Reporter,  Minneapolis,  Minnesota; 
James  E.  Fuller,  Principal  Shorthand  Department, 
Goldey  College,  Wilmington,  Delaware;  Henry  S. 
Sanders,  Court  Reporter,  New  York  City,  New  York ; 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

D.  A.  Brown,*  General  Reporter,  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
Charles  H.  Magee,  Court  Reporter,  Birmingham, 
Alabama.  In  1920  Godfrey  Dewey  of  Lake  Placid, 
New  York,  was  appointed  a  member. 

The  Standardization  Committee  as  it  now  stands 
is  composed  of  Mr.  Taylor,  Mr.  Bengough,  Dr. 
Whitford,  Dr.  Eldridge,  Mr.  Fuller,  Mr.  Sanders, 
Mr.  Wood,  Mr.  Higgins,  and  Mr.  Dewey.  The 
Committee  has  represented  every  phase  of  Pitmanic 
practice  in  reporting,  and  has  had  the  unusual  advan- 
tage of  the  teaching  experience  of  Messrs.  Eldridge 
and  Fuller,  both  of  whom  have  been  active  reporters. 

During  the  past  year  the  Committee  has  also  had 
the  benefit  of  the  studies  of  Mr.  Dewey  upon  the 
frequency  of  English  words  and  sounds,  and  has 
employed  to  advantage  in  determining  some  ques- 
tions of  outline  formation,  the  data  compiled  by  him 
from  the  facility  tests  held  in  Detroit  and  New  York 
in  1919. 

While  all  the  members  of  the  Standardization 
Committee  have  unselfishly  and  without  compensa- 
tion devoted  a  great  deal  of  their  valuable  time  to 
Standardization  work,  we  feel  that  special  mention 
should  be  made  of  Robert  S.  Taylor,  who  was  for 
many  years  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee.  Upon 
him  devolved  the  heavy  task  of  directing  and  map- 
ping out  the  work  of  the  Committee,  the  preparation 
of  lengthy  lists  of  words  in  illustration  of  the  various 
principles,  and  the  revision  of  the  work.  This  was 
no  light  task,  and  in  the  midst  of  Mr.  Taylor's 

*Deccascd. 


INTRODUCTION 

onerous  court  work  he  devoted  whole  days  and  long 
evenings  to  this  work  even  at  the  expense  of  his 
health.  He  has  worked  with  an  enthusiasm  that  has 
inspired  all  the  members  of  the  Committee  to  renewed 
efforts,  and  the  Committee  feels  that  it  is  largely  to 
him  that  it  is  indebted  for  the  progress  it  has  made. 

It  must  not  be  inferred  from  this  that  other  mem- 
bers of  the  Committee  have  not  also  worked  hard 
and  untiringly  on  this  task.  Notwithstanding  the 
daily  grind  of  official  duties  in  court  and  school,  they 
have  all  cheerfully  spent  innumerable  hours  on  the 
work  that  has  been  allotted  to  them,  actuated  solely 
by  the  desire  to  see  perfected  a  system  of  short- 
hand that  should  comprise  the  best  features  of  all 
the  Pitmanic  systems,  standardized  as  far  as  it  is 
humanly  possible  ;  safe,  legible  and  facile. 

It  may  be  asked,  What  is  Standardized  Shorthand? 
As  to  the  principles  thereof,  it  is  a  composite  of 
the  best  features  of  various  Pitmanic  systems,  as 
determined  by  a  most  searching  analysis  and  com- 
parison of  the  good  features  of  each  system,  after- 
wards tested  in  the  crucible  of  actual  work  by  practical 
shorthand  reporters.  A  great  many  lists  of  words, 
some  sixty  pages  or  more  in  length,  involving  each 
principle  under  consideration,  were  compiled,  and 
by  a  system  of  comparative  analysis  it  was  settled  in 
each  case  which  principle  afforded  the  greatest  ad- 
vantages in  facility  of  execution,  legibility,  and 
avoidance  of  conflicts. 

The  Committee  devoted  several  years  to  this  work 
before  it  finally  recommended  to  the  Association  the 


10  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

principles  which  were  later  adopted  by  the  Associa- 
tion, and  which  are  set  forth  in  detail  in  this  book. 
After  the  adoption  of  the  principles,  the  Committee 
began  work  on  the  word  signs  and  contractions. 
Lists  of  these  were  compiled,  and  gone  over  again 
and  again  in  an  endeavor  to  find  the  very  best  outline 
for  each  word.  The  result  of  this  investigation  is 
now  published,  and  the  Committee  feels  that  this 
list  presents  a  more  reliable  and  authoritative  com- 
pilation of  word  signs  and  contractions  than  has  yet 
appeared  in  any  Pitmanic  textbook. 

The  present  book  is  intended  primarily  for  the 
use  of  reporters,  giving  them  the  tested  results  of 
actual  experience  by  hundreds  of  their  colleagues  in 
the  use  of  standardization  principles,  word  signs, 
and  contractions.  As  such,  it  should  be  of  imme- 
diate service  to  every  working  reporter.  The  state- 
ment of  principles  will  enable  any  writer  of  Pitmanic 
shorthand  to  understand  the  basis  on  which  the  list 
of  word  signs  and  contractions  has  been  constructed. 
While  the  Committee  has  not  intended  that  the 
statement  of  principles  should  serve  as  a  textbook, 
it  has  endeavored  to  express  the  rules  with  sufficient 
clearness  to  illustrate  them  amply,  and  make  them 
readily  understood  by  any  one  familiar  with  Pitmanic 
shorthand. 

It  is  the  plan  of  the  Committee  to  follow  up  the 
present  publication  with  others,  notably  a  shorthand 
dictionary  and  phrase  book,  and  a  textbook. 


STATKMKXT  OK  PRINCIPLES 


11 


STATEMENT   OF   PRINCIPLES 


1.  Basis  and  Derivation.     STANDARDIZED  REPORT- 
ING SHORTHAND    is    a    purely  phonetic    system,    the 
fundamental  principles  of  which  have  been  selected 
from  various  Pitmanic  systems. 

2.  Consonant  Strokes.    The  following  strokes  rep- 
resent the  consonant  sounds  of  English. 


\ 

as  in           and 
p       pop 

pin 

\          as  in               and 
/      s       cease            seal 

>i 

b 

b\b 

bin 

)     z 

^ehra, 

zeal 

t 

lot 

/en 

J  i 

shrewish 

assure 

d 

did 

den 

)    3 

leisure 

azure 

/ 

g 

church 

choke 

r  i 

Ail/ 

/ap 

f 

j 

judge 

joke 

/         \    r 

roar 

rap 

k 

clock 

come 

'  —  •*   m 

HIUl/1 

map 

g 

cr\cr 
S  '& 

gum 

•^_x   n 

nine 

sin 

•^ 

f 

/i/e 

fi\\\ 

—  '  0 

sinking 

*W 

s_ 

V 

valve 

van 

/    h 

hay 

head 

h 

/hinketh 

///igh 

^      w 

way 

wet 

^ 

d 

mp 
mb 

bathe 
dump  or 

t&y 

C  y 

yam 
nailer 

jet 

ambush 

(      lr 

12 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


NOTE.  The  strokes  for  mp-mb  and  /rare  irregular  in  that  they 
represent  combinations  of  two  elementary  consonant  sounds. 
They  are  listed  here  for  convenience.  Lr  is  used  only  as  a  final 
stroke. 


3.  Vowels.  Vowels  are  represented  by  light  and 
heavy  dots  and  dashes  placed  at  the  beginning,  mid- 
dle, and  end  of  strokes,  as  follows  : 


as  in  and 

I  S^at  tree 


fright          ache 
part  tar 


&          naught         saw 
—  j      o          boat  old 

Q          tool  ooze 


as  in  and 

i  sit  in 


iret 
pat 

not 
bwt 
iu\\ 


tack 

odd 
tub 
loot 


4.     Diphthongs.     The  diphthongs  and   two  of  the 
coalescents  are  represented  thus  : 

Diphthongs  Coalescents 

VI 


as  in  and 

aisle  by 


boy 


as  in  and 

unit 


few- 
wife 


A 


out 


NOTE.  The  phonetic  print  letters  used  to  key  the  sounds  of  the  alphabet 
are  a  simplification  of  the  Revised  Scientific  Alphabet  or  NEA  Key  Alphabet, 
used  as  Key  1  of  the  Now  Standard  Dictionary  and  its  abridgments,  by  God- 
frey Dewcy,  in  harmony  with  shorthand  practice.  They  provide  a  single 
explicit  letter  for  each  sound  and  observe  the  true  phonetic  relations  between 
the  long  and  short  vowel  sounds,  in  harmony  with  international  usage  and 
the  long  standing  practice  of  Pitmanic  shorthand. 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  13 

5.  Coalescents.     The  coalescence  of  w  and  y  with 
vowels  may  be  shown  by  writing  a  small  semicircle  in 
the  position  of  the  proper  vowel.     The  ^-semicircle 
opens  to  the  right  for  the  dot  vowels,  to  the  left  for 
the  clash  vowels.     The  jf-semicircle  opens  to  the  top 
for  the  dot  vowels  and  to  the  bottom  for  the  dash 
vowels. 

NOTE.  From  these  characters  are  derived  the  secondary 
characters  representing  w  and  y  described  and  illustrated  in 
paragraph  17. 

6.  Secondary  Consonantal  Representation.   Certain 
of    the  frequently  recurring  sounds   are,   subject  to 
definite    rules,    represented    by    briefer   forms    than 
those    given    in    paragraph    2.       These    abbreviated 
forms,  which  consist  of  circles,  loops,  hooks,  ticks, 
double-lengths,  etc.,  are  employed  according  to  rules 
set  out  in  paragraphs  7  to  51  inclusive. 

7.  Small  Circles.     Initial  s  and  medial  or  final  s 
or  z  are  represented  by  a  small  circle  written  with 
left  motion  on  straight  detached  stems,  on  the  inside 
of   curves,   and   on   the   outside   of    angles    between 
straight  strokes,   as  in  practically  all  Pitmanic  sys- 
tems.     Initial  z  requires  the  stroke  form. 

NOTE.  —  Left  motion  is  counter-clockwise.  Right  motion  is 
clockwise.  Mnemonic  :  The  clock  is  right. 

Illustrative  words  : 


Key  :  space,  sorrows,  desk,  dusty,  saves,  zigzags,  desires,  sar- 
casm, felicitous. 


14  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

8.  Large  Circles.  Ses,  sez,  ses,  and  other  similar 
syllables,  are  represented  by  a  large  circle,  as  shown 
below. 


Key:  spaces,  discusses,  molasses,  caresses,  system,  indices, 
suspicious,  season,  italicize,  exhaust,  Susan. 

9.  The  St-Loop.  A  small  loop  attached  initially, 
medially,  or  finally  expresses  the  combined  sounds 
of  st.  Attached  finally,  the  loop  may  be  used  to 
represent  zd.  but  the  principle  must  be  used  with 
caution  in  monosyllables.  Illustrative  words  : 


Key  :  steep,  stab,  store,  steam,  stillest,  destiny,  mystify,  roast, 
mast,  zest,  disposed,  excused,  revised,  caused,  mused,  dozed, 
raised. 

10.  The  Str-Loop.  A  larger  loop  is  used  to  repre- 
sent final  str,  as  in  most  Pitmanic  systems.  In  rare  in- 
stances this  loop  is  attached  medially.  Illustrations  : 

xi  Jr. 


Key  :  poster,  dusters,  master,  bolster,  district,  moisture,  pas- 
ture, texture,  admixture,  fixture. 

11.  The  L-Hook.  A  series  of  double-consonant 
stems  consisting  of  a  stroke  initially  hooked  is  used 
to  express  the  following  combinations  : 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  15 

f f /...../ L....L C C J* 


PI,  Bl,  Tl,  Dl,  Chi,  Jl,  Kl,  Gl,  Fl,  VI,  Thl,  Dhl,  Shi  (upward). 
Rl,  Ml,  Nl,  LI. 

NOTE.  These  hooks  are  all  small  except  the  last  four.  Ob- 
serve that  all  except  ml  and  //  are  written  with  left  motion. 

Illustrative  words  : 


Key  :  play,  idle,  buckle,  oval,  carol,  tunnel,  glacial,  camel, 
illogical,  illegible,  illegal. 

12.  The  R-Hook.  A  similar  series  of  double- 
consonant  stems  is  used  to  represent  the  combina- 
tion of  the  consonant  strokes  with  the  sound  of  r<  as 
follows  : 

°\  ......  \  ......  i  ........  \  ........  ;  .......  ;      _^\  .....  ^  .....  3  .......  )  .....  j?  .....  i  .....  :. 


Pr,  Br,  Tr,  Dr,  Chr,  Jr,  Kr,  Gr,  Fr,  Vr,  Thr,  Dhr,  Shr,  Zhr, 
Mr,  Nr. 

NOTE.  Observe  that  all  of  these  hooks  except  nr  are  writ- 
ten with  right  motion,  and  that  mr  and  nr  are  shaded. 

Illustrative  words: 


Key:  pray,  robber,  throb,  leisure,  crop,  rumor,  honor,  bother, 
joker,  Kramer,  digger,  picker. 

13.  Special  Vocalization.  To  avoid  awkward  or 
inconvenient  outlines  resulting  from  the  use  of  the 
strokes  /  or  r,  special  vocalization  may  be  used  to 
indicate  the  presence  of  a  vowel  between  sounds 


16  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

represented  by  double  consonants,  as  in  the  follow- 
ing words  : 


Key  :  normal,  roll,  Calvin,  circulation,  qualify,  cardinal. 

14.  Triple  Consonants.  The  circles  is  attached 
initially  to  double  consonants  in  the  way  common 
to  most  Pitmanic  systems,  thus  : 


Key  :  splice,  civil,  psychological,  spray,  cedar,  sacrifice. 

15.  Quadruple  Consonants.     The  ses-c'\rc\e  or  the 
^/-loop  may  precede  a  straight  double  consonant  of 
the  r  series  in  a  similar  way.     Illustrations  : 

1  ..........  j.  ...........  •/  ....... 

C3"4 

Key  :  sister,  stoker,  stager,  stagger. 

16.  Initial  In,  En,  Un.     These  syllables,  when  fol- 
lowed by  a  circle  written  with  right  motion,  or  by 
a  triple  consonant  of  the  /  series,  may  be  expressed 
by  a  backward  initial  hook,  as  shown  below.      (See 
paragraphs  11  and  14.) 


Key :  insulation,  enslave,  insomnia,  unseemly,  unceremoni- 
ous, incise,  uncivilized,  unexplored,  unexplained. 

NOTE.     The  principle  must  be  used  with  care  in  negative 
words. 

17.     Brief  W.     A  semicircle  opening  either  to  the 
left  or  to  the  right  (whichever  gives  the  better  join- 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  17 

ing)  may  be  attached  initially  (and  sometimes  me- 
dially) to  represent  w.     Illustrative  words: 

A -i h.J± 5s...../ , 3 

Key  :  web,  wait,  weak,  wing,  waif,  wedge,  outwit,  Glenwood. 
NOTE.     For  the  derivation  of  these  forms  see  paragraph  5. 

18.  Brief   Y.     Similarly,     a    semicircle    opening 
either  up  or  down  represents  y.     Illustrations  : 

Key:  yacht,  yoke,  yawn,  yell,  unyoke. 

19.  S  Before  Brief  W.     The  small   circle-.?  com- 
bines initially  with  brief  iv  as  in  the  following  words  : 

j,    /          ^      1 


Key:  sweat,  switch,  swag,  swap,  .Sweden. 

20.  The  Small  W-Hook.     Brief  w  before  lay,  ray, 
m  and  n  takes  the  form  of  a  small  hook,  as  shown 
below. 

NOTE.  Lay  is  the  distinctive  name  given  to  the  stroke  / 
when  written  upward  ;  the  same  stroke  written  downward  is 
called  el.  Similarly  the  name  ray  signifies  the  upward  form  of  r. 

.'£...  ........  is/.  ................  ^  .......  *^.... 

C    i 

Key  :  wail,  wore,  woman,  wine. 

21.  The  Circle-S  Before  the  W-Hook.    The  circle-^ 
may  precede  this  small  w-hook,  as  shown  in  the  fol- 
lowing words  : 

<s    N 


Key:  swore,  swale,  swim,  swoon. 


18  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

22.  The  Tick-H.  For  greater  ease  in  joining,  h 
may  be  represented  either  initially  or  medially  by  a 
short  tick  in  the  direction  of  ch,  whenever  it  forms 
an  acute  angle,  thus  ; 


Key:  hook,  unhook,  hale,  inhale,  human,  inhuman,  hearse, 
rehearse. 

23.     The  LR-Hook.     The  /-hook  may  be  enlarged 
to  add  the  sound  of  r,  as  in  the  following  words  : 


Key  :  coupler,  traveler,  muffler,  buckler,  floor,  blare,  declare, 
clear,  clergy. 

NOTE.  This  principle  does  not,  of  course,  apply  to  the  large 
/-hook  attached  to  m,  n,  lay,  and  ray.  See  paragraph  1  1  . 

24.  The  RL-Hook.     Similarly  an  enlarged  r-hook 
expresses  an  added  /,  as  in  the  following  words  : 

(\    /A  q.    <^ 

.....  A  ....................................  ..  .......  >  .......        |     ...........  I  .................................................... 

Key:  April,  liberal,  mackerel,  girl,  trail,  mineral. 

25.  The  N-Hook.     A  small  final  hook  written  with 
right  motion  on  straight  strokes  and  on  the  inside  of 
curves  represents  n;  thus  : 

,       ..Y.<"    |      .<?     ^     S     _^ 

Xa  JA 

Key  :  fan,  pain,  thine,  down,  line,  gone,  hen,  campaign. 

26.  Final  Ns  and   Nz  Distinguished.     Following 
curved  strokes,  finals  is  usually  written  with  the 
hook  and  circle,  and  «.y  with  the  stroke  n  and  circle. 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  19 

This  not  only  increases  legibility  but  preserves  uni- 
formity of  outline  in  derivatives.      Illustrations  : 

^  Z^  ^rs,     e)~  ^^/f^'^~9''<-^>'< — ^ 

Key  :  shines,  lanes,  mains,  zones,  ransom,  lonesome;  evince, 
evinces,  evinced. 

27.  Final  Ns,  Nses,  Nst,  Nstr,  on  Straight  Strokes. 
A  final  circle  or  loop  following  the  #-hook  on  a  final 
straight  stroke  is  written  with  right  motion,  as  shown 
in  the  following  illustrations  : 

XX,,, 

y<U 

Key:  puns,  punster;  dance,  dances,  danced;  rinse,  rinses, 
rinsed  ;  drowns,  prince,  glance,  glances,  cranes,  spinster. 

28.  The  F-V-Hook.     A  small  final  hook  attached 
only  to  straight  strokes  and  written  with  left  motion, 
represents  for  v,  thus  : 

/' 


Ki'v  :  puff,  bravery,  toughen,  chief,  crave,  hoof,  hive. 

29.  Circle-S  Inside  Small  Hooks.     The  circle-.?  is 
written  small  inside  the/-?'  hook,  thus  : 

Key  :  puffs,  braves,  toughs,  chiefs,  craves,  roofs,  hives. 

30.  Special  F-V-Hook  on  Curves.     Restricted  use 
of  an  elongated  final  hook  on  certain  curves  to  indi- 
cate for  v  is  provided  for,  thus  : 


Key  :  thief,  nerve,  live,  (leave),  navigation. 


20  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

31.  The  Shun-Hook.  A  large  final  hook  written 
on  the  inside  of  curves,  and  with  left  motion  on 
straight  strokes,  represents  the  syllable  variously 
spelled  tion,  dan,  sian,  sion,  etc.  Illustrations  : 


Key  :  reception,  stationer,  fusion,  electrician,  function,  arte- 
sian, session,  cautionary,  delusion,  abortion. 

32.  The  Backward  Shun-Hook.  Following  a  final 
circle,  the  s/mn-hook  is  turned  backward  through  the 
preceding  stroke,  taking  the  shape  of  a  small  curl. 
Illustrative  words: 


f 

Key:  physician,  accession,  transition,  pulsation,  sensational. 

33.  Irregular  Representation  of  Shun.  To  secure 
brief  and  more  convenient  outlines  for  certain  deriva- 
tive words,  two  irregular  forms  of  shun  are  provided  : 
(a)  Following  half-length  strokes,  it  is  represented 
by  the  circle-.?  and  the  backward  curl,  (b)  Following 
the  /"-z/-hook,  a  small  breve  may  be  used  for  shun. 
Illustrative  words  : 

/* 


• 


Key:  (a)  adaptation,  reputation,  vegetation,  repetition,  accen- 
tuation, arithmetician  ;  (b)  division,  divisional. 

34.  S-Circle  Following  Shun.  The  final  circle-.? 
may  be  written  within  any  of  the  foregoing  forms 
representing  shun,  as  in  :  • 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  21 

I      r      /*»     L 

"-»S>  ..........  V_  .........  *v  .....................................  —  ........................ 

V  ^ 

Key  :  motions,  depositions,  dispensations,  repetitions,  divisions. 

35.  Differentiated  Shun.  When  the  syllable  shun 
is  immediately  preceded  by  consecutive  vowels,  it  is 
often  wise  to  use  the  stroke  ish  and  the  ^-hook  in- 
stead of  the  s/iun-hook,  especially  in  cases  of  con- 

flicting outlines,  as  : 

_  p  /•> 

...IXj>    -L- 

Key:  Contention,  continuation,  attention,  attenuation,  exten- 
sion, extenuation. 


....L-.  .. 


36.  The  Tive-Hook.  A  large  final  hook  written 
with  right  motion  on  straight  strokes  represents  the 
syllable  tive,  as  in  the  following  words  : 


Key:  active,  sedative,  abortiveness,  fugitives,  adjectives. 

37.  Lengthening  Curves.  Any  curved  stroke  may 
be  written  twice  its  normal  length  to  express  the 
added  syllables  ter,  der,  ther,  ture.  Illustrations  : 


Key  :  flatter,  slaughter,  center,  wander,  smother. 
NOTE.     A  few  exceptions  to  this  practice  must  be  noted  be- 
cause of  possible  conflicts.     Illustrations  : 


Key :  letter-leather,  motor-mother. 


22 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


38.  Lengthening  Final  Straight  Strokes.  A  final 
straight  stroke  that  joins  the  preceding  stroke  at  an 
angle  may  be  lengthened  similarly,  thus  : 


Key:  projector,  debater,  picture,  tractor,  strictures. 

39.  Lengthening  Single  Straight  Strokes.  A  few 
single  straight  strokes  may  be  so  lengthened,  but 
this  should  be  done  with  caution.  Illustrations  : 


F 


Key :  writer,  better,  brothers,  daughter. 

40.  Lengthening  to  Express  Past  Tense.  Length- 
ening may,  with  very  few  exceptions,  be  safely 
employed  to  express  the  past  tense  of  a  verb  if  the 
present  tense  requires  more  than  one  stroke  and 
ends  with  a  half-length  stroke,  hooked  or  unhooked. 
One  conspicuous  exception  is  the  word  elevated, 
which  conflicts  badly  with  elevator.  Illustrations  : 


Key:  result,  resulted;  accent,  accented;  delegate,  dele- 
gated ;  erect,  erected ;  debate,  debated ;  retreat,  retreated ; 
elevated,  elevator ;  respond,- responded  ;  remind,  reminded. 

41.  Final  Hooks  on  Lengthened  Strokes.  A  final 
hook  attached  to  a  lengthened  stroke  is  read  before 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  23 

the  syllable  expressed  by  lengthening.    (This  princi- 
ple is  used  mostly  with  the  n-hook.)     Illustrations: 


Key:  painters,  binder,  slender,  tenderness,  flounder,  sur- 
renders. 

42.  Exceptional  Treatment  of  Final  Hook.  In 
order  to  retain  certain  desirable  outlines,  it  is  allow- 
able to  make  an  exception  in  the  case  of  such  words 
as  the  following,  in  which  the  final  hook  is  read  after 
the  syllable  expressed  by  lengthening.  Illustrations: 


•) 


Key :  modern,  northern,  eastern,  alteration  (a  special  form), 
alderman,  and  in  such  phrases  as  "  another-one." 

43.     Lengthened  Ing.    The  stroke  ing  is  lengthened 
to  express  added  ker  or  ger  as  follows  : 


Key :  sinker,  linger,  hunker,  hunger,  anchor,  anger. 

44.     Lengthened  MP-MB.    The  stroke  mp-mb  may 
be  lengthened  to  express  added  er  as  shown  below. 


Key :  chamber,  timbers,  lumber,  jumper,  plumper. 

45.  Halving.  Any  stroke  except  w,  y,  Ir,  ing, 
mp-mb,  lay,  ray,  and  h  may  (subject  to  certain  restric- 
tions to  provide  for  vowel  placement  or  indication) 
be  written  half  its  usual  length  to  express  a  following 


24  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

t  or  d.     Lay,  ray,  and  h  may  be  halved  to  add  /,  but 
not  to  add  d,  when  they  stand  alone.    Illustrations: 


Key  :  pate-paid,  bite-bide,  coat-code,  got-God,  great-grade, 
pedagogue,  carrot,  hate,  write,  invite,  light,  coordinate,  reed, 
laid,  heed. 

46.  Shading  to  Express  D.  The  strokes  /,  r,  ;;/,  n 
maybe  shaded  and  halved  to  express  £?.  Illustrations: 


Key  :  old,  hired,  sounds,  consumed,  toiled,  seemed,  sealed. 

47.  Initial  Appendages  to  Halved  Strokes.     Initial 
circles,  hooks,  and  loops  may  be  attached  to  halved 
strokes  the  same  as  to  full-length  strokes.      Illustra- 
tive words  : 

*  .......  *.-i  .....  <+^'^\4  ......  *•  .....  a  ......  ^  ......  £  .......  !*L 

Key  :  stopped,  spread,  bottled,  colt-cold,  prodigious,  invert, 
generate,  slate,  stared,  stamped,  swelled,  sward. 

48.  Final  Circles  and  Loops  Read  Last.     A  final 
circle  or  loop  attached  to  a  halved  stroke  is  read  after 
the  indicated  t  or  d,  thus  : 

C,       b*      A  ^ 

.......  <s  .........  *  ......  '--^  ........  *  ..............  -  ................. 

Key  :  avoids,  tightest,  rights,  fattest,  greatest,  moods,  hoards. 

49.  Order  of  Reading  Final  Appendages.     A  final 
hook  attached  to  a  halved  stroke  is  read  before  the 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  25 

indicated  /or<^,  but  a  circle  following  such  a  hook  is 
read  last.      Illustrations  : 

Key:  paint,  paints;  tuft,  tufts ;  brand,  brands;  cautioned, 
motioned,  drift,  drifts. 

50.  Past  Tense  Added  by  Stroke  D.  When  the 
present  tense  of  a  monosyllable  is  represented  by 
a  halved  stroke,  or  when  for  any  other  reason  the 
use  of  the  lengthening  principle  explained  in  para- 
graph 40  is  not  desirable,  the  past  tense  is  regularly 
formed  by  adding  the  stroke  d,  joined  or  disjoined, 
according  to  convenience,  thus  : 


!LSL Ill ^.-^l :., 

1  1        1*»«1 


Key  :  scent,  scented  ;  treat,  treated  ;  cheat,  cheated  ;  mount, 
mounted ;  float,  floated  ;  dread,  dreaded  ;  crate,  crated ;  fret, 
fretted  ;  sound,  sounded. 

51.  Exceptional  Forms  for  Past  Tense.  Some 
lengthened  final-hooked  strokes  do  not  conveniently 
join  with  the  stroke  d  to  form  the  past  tense.  In 
such  cases  it. is  best  to  employ  the  halving  principle, 
thus  : 


Key :  render,  rendered  ;  thunder,  thundered  ;  encounter,  en- 
countered ;  flounder,  floundered ;  slander,  slandered. 

GENERAL   PRINCIPLES 

52.     Final  Vowel  Indication.    The  use  of  the  down- 
strokes  for  /  and  r  at  the  end  of  outlines  to  indicate 


26  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

a  final  consonant  sound,  and  the  corresponding  use 
of  the  upstrokes  lay  and  ray  to  indicate  a  final  vowel 
is  approved,  in  so  far  as  such  use  is  practicable. 
Illustrations  : 


Key:  foal,  folio;  veil,  volley;  jewel,  jelly;  towel,  tallow; 
fair,  fairy  ;  door,  dory  ;  shower,  showery. 

53.  Initial  Vowel  Indication.  As  far  as  practicable, 
the  use  of  the  downstrokes  for  /  and  rat  the  begin- 
ning of  outlines  to  indicate  an  initial  vowel,  and  the 
corresponding  use  of  the  upstrokes  lay  and  ray  to 
indicate  an  initial  consonant  sound  is  recommended, 
thus  : 


Key  :  like,  alike  ;  location,  allocation  ;  locative,  elective  ; 
Lena,  Illinois;  rack,  ark;  oar,  row;  Ryan,  Orion. 

54.  Stroke  and  Dot  Forms  of  Ing.  Verbals  derived 
from  nouns  that  end  with  vowels  may  be  distin- 
guished from  other  words  that  end  with  the  sound 
of  ng  by  using  the  dot  ing  to  indicate  the  preceding 
vowel.  Illustrations  : 


Key  :  haying,  hung  ;  rowing,  rung  ;  snowing,  sunning ;  de- 
laying, dulling;  decaying,  ducking;  mellowing,  mailing. 

NOTE.  In  this  connection  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
the  facility  tests  conducted  by  Godfrey  Dewey,  of  the  Stand- 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  27 

ardization  Committee,  have  shown  that  disjoining  causes  loss  of 
time  more  than  equivalent  to  that  required  to  write  an  added 
stroke. 

PREFIXES 

55.  Con-Com-Cog.   These  syllables  are  represented 
by  a  dot  preceding  the  outline,  as  shown  in  the  fol- 
lowing words  : 

^   V>  ._,'""" "^ 

Key  :  Condescend,  controller,  compelled,  commander,  cog- 
nomen", cognizance. 

NOTE.  The  prefix  should  be  written  first  —  not  after  the 
stein  word  has  been  written. 

56.  Medial  Con.     When  con-com-cog  occur  medi- 
ally, the  dot  is  omitted  and  the  syllable  it  represents 
is  indicated  by  disjoining,  as  shown  : 

l\         S*-—9  ^>— 9 

Key:  decomposition,  recognize,  inconvenience. 

57.  Inter-Enter-Intro.     These  prefixes  are  repre- 
sented by  a  double-length  n,  thus  : 


[\J  Key :  intercourse,  entertain,  introduced,  intercepted,   enter- 
prising. 

58.      Magna-Magni.      These    prefixes    are    written 
with  a  disjoined  stroke  m,  as  follows: 


Key  :  magnanimity,  magnify,  magnanimous,  magnificent. 


28  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

59.      Unre-Unri.     These  initial  syllables  are  writ- 
ten with  the  double  consonant  nr,  as  illustrated: 


Key  :  unrestricted,  unrivaled,  unrighteous,  unreprovable. 

60.  Ante-Anti.  These  prefixes  are  represented  by 
a  half-length  «,  joined  or  disjoined,  according  to 
convenience,  thus  : 


Key:  antemundane,  antediluvian,  antipathy,  antiseptic. 

61.  Self.     A  small  circle,  joined  or  disjoined,  rep- 
resents this  prefix,  as  illustrated  : 

J 

Key:  selfish,  self-respect,  self-evident,  self-denial. 

62.  Self-con.     When  self  is  followed   by  con  the 
circle   is   written   disconnected   in    the  place  of   the 
dot-con,  thus  : 

^ 1 f L 

Key :  self-confident, self-control, self-conceit,  self-condemned. 

63.  Counter-Contra-Contro.     These  are  expressed 
by  a  disjoined  tick  preceding  the  outline,  as  shown  : 

'P 


Key:  counteraction,  contradistinction,  controversy,  counter- 
claim. 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  29 

64.     For-Fore.     These  prefixes  are  represented  by 

the  stroke/.      Illustrations: 


Key:  foreclose,  forefront,  foremost,  foretold,  forbid,  fore- 
bode, forfeit,  forswear,  forward. 

SUFFIXES 

65.  Ing.  Whenever,  for  any  reason,  the  use  of 
the  stroke  ng  is  undesirable,  the  syllable  may  be 
represented  by  a  dot  at  the  end  of  the  outline,  as 
illustrated  : 


Key:  doing,  saying,  laying,  decaying,  pitying,  displaying. 

66.     Ings,  Ing-his,  Ing-us.     These  suffixes  are  rep- 
resented  by   the  disjoined  circle,  thus: 


Key:  doings,  sayings,  meetings,  takings,  buildings,  paintings, 
giving  his  (us),  asking  his  (us),  protecting  his  (us). 

67.  Ingly.  This  double  suffix  may  be  represented 
by  a  shaded  tick,  disjoined  and  generally  slanted, 
thus  : 


Key:  obligingly,  aggravatingly,  tantalizingly,  hesitatingly. 

68.  Ing-the.  The  word  the  following  a  word  end- 
ing with  ing  may  be  phrased  with  the  preceding  word 
by  means  of  a  slanting  disjoined  tick,  as  shown: 


30  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

L 2 U ^ L. 

Key  :  doing  the,  meeting  the,  taking  the,  printing  the,  acting 
the. 

69.  Ing-a.     When  a  word  ends  with  ing  followed 
by  a,  the  ing-a  may  be  expressed  by  a  vertical  or 
horizontal  tick;  but  this  tick  must  be  written  with 
perfect    accuracy    to    avoid    conflicts    with   ing-the. 
Illustrations  : 

I U 2' I 

Key  :  doing  a,  taking  a,  meeting  a,  treating  a,  giving  a. 

70.  Ble-Bly.     These    syllables    are    represented 
systematically  by  the  stroke  b  whenever  the  hooked 
or  double-consonant  form  bl  will  not  join   conven- 
iently.     Illustrations  : 


Key  :  dependable,  surmountable,  patentable,  actionable,  ad- 
justable, defensible,  transmissible,  inclinable. 

71.  Ility-Ality-Arity-Erity.  These  suffixes  are 
regularly  represented  by  disjoining  the  stroke  repre- 
senting the  consonant  immediately  preceding  the 
suffix,  as  illustrated  : 


Key :   dependability,  plurality,    popularity,  prosperity,   duc- 
tility, cordiality,  disparity,  dexterity. 

72.     Self-Selves.     These   suffixes   are  represented 
by  a  small  and  a  large  circle,  respectively,  usually 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES  31 

joined,  but  sometimes  disjoined  for  greater  legibility 
or  suggestiveness,  thus  : 


Key  :  myself,  yourself,  yourselves,  themselves,  oneself. 

73.     Ology.     This  suffix  is  represented  by  %a  dis- 
joined/, thus  : 


Key:       theology-theological,      dermatology-dermatological, 
zoology-zoological . 

74..     Ment.     This   suffix    is  often   abbreviated    by 
the  omission  of  either  the  m  or  the  n,  as  shown  : 


Key:  refinement,  assignment,  discernment,  commandment, 
regimental,  experimental,  fundamental,  enrollment,  announce- 
ment. 

75.  Double  Suffixes.  Many  words  terminate  in 
what  may  be  called  a  double  suffix,  the  final  syllable 
being  ness.  Systematic  representation  of  such  ter- 
minations is  provided  for  as  follows  :  To  represent 
the  first  suffix,  disjoin  its  most  suggestive  consonant 
stroke  and  attach  to  it  the  final  circle-.*1  to  repre- 
sent ness. 

NOTE.  When  the  preceding  suffix  is  less,  the  final  circle 
must,  of  course,  be  enlarged. 

Illustrations  : 


32      STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

Key:  agreeableness,  serviceableness,  wickedness,  graceful- 
ness, passiveness,  fearlessness,  affectionateness,  bashfulness, 
manliness,  wholesomeness,  deliberateness,  childishness,  care- 
lessness, mischievousness. 

76.  Omission  of  K.  Words  terminating  with  the 
syllables  action,  ection,  iction,  uction  are  generally  con- 
tracted  by  the  omission  of  the  k,  thus  : 


Key:  putrefaction,  disinfection,  classification,  affliction,  con- 
struction, mystification,  confection,  refraction,  introduction. 

77.  Ful-Fully.  The  /-hook  may  be  omitted  for 
a  more  convenient  joining.  On  straight  strokes  the 
/"-hook  may  be  used,  thus  : 

/ 


Key  :  disgraceful-ly,  banef ul-ly,  spoonful,  glassful,  wonderful- 
ly, bountiful-ly,  careful-ly,  cheerful-ly,  helpful-ly,  heedful-ly, 
joyful-ly. 

78.  Ship.  The  stroke  ish,  joined  or  disjoined, 
expresses  the  suffix  ship,  thus  : 


y 

Key  :  hardship,  judgeship,  statesmanship,  generalship,  horse- 
manship, township,  steamship,  partnership. 

79.     Ficient-ly-cy.     These  terminations  are  abbre- 
viated as  shown  in  the  following  illustrations  : 


Key:  efficient-ly-cy,  deficient-ly-cy,  sufficient-ly-cy. 


STATEMENT  OF  PRINCIPLES 


33 


80.      Tial-ly.       These     syllables      are     generally 
omitted   following  the  ;z-hook,  thus: 

jo      c      i 

J J..... 


Key:    circumstantial-ly,  credential,  differential,  potential-ly, 
presidential,  residential. 


SYSTEMATIC  CONTRACTIONS 

Certain  classes  of  words  not  heretofore  listed  are 
regularly  abbreviated  according  to  definite  rules  of 
ellipsis,  as  follows  : 

81.  N.  Omit  n  regularly  in  the  prefix  trans,  and 
elsewhere  in  outlines  where  it  does  not  join  conven- 
iently, thus  : 


Key  :  transfer,  transplant, transpire, transmissible, transfusion, 
transmogrification,  abandonment,  attainment,  counsel, chancery, 
contentment,  enchantment,  frantic,  harbinger,  husbandman. 

82.  T.  When  t  follows  s  it  may  be  omitted  for 
convenience  in  such  words  as  the  following: 


Key  :  accustom,   breastbone,  broomstick,  domestic,  earnest- 
ness, expostulation,  justify,  lastly,  mostly. 


34  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 

83.     Ing.     This  syllable  may  be  omitted  in   many 
compound  words  or  phrases,  such  as  are  shown  below: 


Key:  boarding  house,  clearing  house,  gambling  house,  knit- 
ting machine,  looking-glass,  magnifying  glass,  meeting-house, 
sleeping-car,  stepping-stone. 

84.  Room.  The  r  may  be  omitted  from  this  word 
and  the  m  written  detached  below  the  preceding 
stroke,  as  shown  : 

X x .v, L ^ 

)(.        ^-^    /  ^ 

Key :  back  room,  baggage  room,  bedroom,  dining-room, 
engine-room. 


COMMONEST  ENGLISH  WORDS  35 


COMMONEST   ENGLISH   WORDS 


The  two  lists  of  commonest  words  following  are 
taken  from  the  shorthand  investigations  of  Godfrey 
Dewey. 

Previously  published  lists  have  been  proved  to  be 
not  fully  representative  due  to  insufficient  diversity 
of  the  material  counted.  The  lists  following  are 
based  on  an  investigation  which  countedandanalyzed 
every  word,  syllable,  and  sound  of  100,000  words  of 
connected  matter,  chosen  in  twenty  well  diversified 
groups  representative  of  good  English  as  used  — 
written,  spoken,  and  printed  —  today.  The  largest 
count  previously  published,  that  of  Cooke  &  O'Shea, 
found  only  2500  different  words  in  200,000  ;  whereas 
this  count  found  10,200  different  words  in  100,000. 
In  view  of  this  strikingly  superior  diversity  the  fol- 
lowing conclusions  seem  warranted. 

The  ten  commonest  words  —  the,  of,  and,  to,  a, 
in,  that,  it,  is,  I  —  will  be  found  to  form  over  25% 
of  all  written,  spoken,  or  printed  matter. 

The  100  commonest  words,  here  listed  in  order  of 
frequency,  will  form  over  50%  of  all  matter. 

The  1000  commonest  words,  here  listed  in  alpha- 
betic order,  will  be  found  to  form  over  75%  of  any 
connected  matter  sufficiently  long  to  be  fairly  repre- 
sentative, and  comprise  all  words  which  occur  more 
than  once  in  10,000  words.  Beyond  this  point  no 
statement  as  to  the  commonest  words  of  I^nglish  can 
have  general  significance  ;  for  the  nature  of  the  words 
found  is  no  longer  common  to  all  grammatic  dis- 
course, but  varies  more  and  more  widely  with  the 
subject  matter  of  the  material  analyzed. 

Outlines  for  these  commonest  words  will  accord- 
ingly repay  particularly  careful  study. 


36 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


100  COMMONEST 

WORDS 

IN  ORDER  OF  FREQUENCY 

7310  the 

390  has 

170  made 

3998  of 

368  one 

169  other 

3280  and 

331  our 

166  into 

2924  to 

330  an 

164  men 

2120  a 

328  been 

163  must 

2116  in 
1345  that 

321  no 
315  their 

163  people 
161  said 

1216  it 
1213  is 

306  there 
305  were 

160  may 
156  man 

1155  I 

300  so 

153  about 

1035  for 
846  be 

296  my 
263  if 

153  over 
152  some 

839  was 

257  me 

152  these 

782  as 

253  what 

146  two 

775  you 
727  with 

252  would 
248  who 

145  very 
139  before 

680  he 
643  on 

237  when 
234  him 

134  great 
133  could 

617  have 

228  them 

132  such 

600  by 
589  not 
585  at 
572  this 
542  are 

222  her 
214  war 
214  your 
210  any 
210  more 

131  first 
129  upon 
124  every 
124  how 
123  come 

529  we 

210  now 

123  us 

517  his 

208  its 

120  shall 

504  but 

205  time 

118  should 

478  they 
466  all 

204  up 
203  do 

115  then 
113  like 

458  or 

203  out 

113  well 

454  which 

197  can 

111  little 

445  will 
433  from 
411  had. 

194  than 
189  only 
188  she 

111  say 

Total,  54,303 

1000  COMMONEST  WO-RDS 


37 


1000   COMMONEST  WORDS 

IN  ALPHABETICAL  ORDER 


A 

35  amount 

1  1  bear 

2120  a 

330  an 

14  beautiful 

30  able 

3280  and 

1  1  became     , 

153  about 

17  announced 

108  because 

25  above 

15  announcement 

30  become 

1  1   abroad 

58  another 

328  been 

1  7  according 

18  answer 

139  before 

20  account 

210  any 

23  began 

14  across 

30  anything 

27  beginning 

15  act 

12  apparently 

24  behind 

28  action 

11  appeared 

108  being 

.  11  acts 

11   approximately 

40  believe 

1  2  addition 

542  are 

52  best 

15  address 

13  armies 

32  better 

24  administration 

43  army 

60  between 

12  advance 

22  around 

19  beyond 

14  advantage 

13  arrived 

50  big 

16  affairs 

14  art 

15  bill 

11  afraid 

18  artillery 

13  black 

107  after 

782  as 

11  blue 

31  afternoon 

30  ask 

15  board 

62  again 

36  asked 

18  body 

73  against 

585  at 

19  bombardment 

19  age 

18  attack 

18  bonds 

11  agents 

12  attacks 

11  book 

36  ago 

19  attention 

34  books 

13  aid 

15  attitude 

1  1  bore 

23  air 

17  authority 

45  both 

466  all 

15  available 

1  1  bought 

15  allies 

16  avenue 

13  boy 

37  almost 

14  average 

28  boys 

21  alone 

58  away 

11  bread 

28  along 

16  awfully 

13  break 

27  already 

19  bring 

69  also 

B 

13  broken 

18  although 

75  back 

33  brought 

13  altogether 

15  bad 

25  building 

62  always 

14  basis 

24  built 

75  am 

38  battle 

91  business 

46  among 

846  be 

11  busy 

38 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


504  but 

•  23  coming. 

22  department 

27  buy 

14  command 

13  desire 

600  by 

29  committee 

11  developed 

-    29  common 

100  did 

C 

.  17  community 

23  didn't 

40  call 

-  23  company 

12  difference 

32  called 

,28  complete 

25  different 

71  came 

13  condition 

30  dinner 

11  campaign 

38  conditions 

12  direct 

197  can 

12  confidence 

14  distance 

58  cannot 

15  consider 

203  do 

21   can't 

12  considerable 

53  does 

33  capital 

13  considered 

36  doing 

17  car 

11  construction 

22  dollars 

12  carbon 

20  continue 

40  done 

23  care 

16  contract 

67  don't 

21  carried 

17  control 

18  doubt 

23  carry 

12  cooperation 

95  down 

18  cars 

11  corn 

13  drawn 

52  case 

12  correspondent 

24  drive 

19  cases 

21  cost 

12  driven 

1  1   caught 

11  costs 

15  due 

32  cause 

133  could 

41  during 

12  causes 

14  couldn't 

18  duty 

39  cent 

92  country 

30  cents 

16  county 

E 

34  certain 

37  course 

63  each 

14  certainly 

22  court 

34  early 

13  chair 

11  credit 

11   earth 

21  change 

.  12  cream 

14  easily 

12  changed 

18  cut 

19  easy 

17  character 

17  effect 

23  charge 

D 

15  efficiency 

19  check 

11  daily 

21  effort 

14  chief 

14  danger 

23  eight 

24  child 

14  date 

36  either 

35  children 

101  day 

11  election 

14  citizens 

70  days 

24  electric 

44  city 

48  dear 

16  else 

12  claim 

12  declared 

11  enclosed 

14  class 

11  deep 

33  end 

23  clear 

14  defender 

31  enemy 

13  close 

14  defense 

17  enforced 

33  coal 

16  delay 

11  engaged 

17  cold 

11  delivered 

11  engine 

123  come 

/  16  demand 

44  enough 

23  comes 

•12  demanded 

14  entire 

1000  COMMONEST  WORDS 


39 


15  entirely 

21  fight 

89  get 

14  equipment 

40  fighting 

12  gets 

14  established 

17  figures 

16  getting 

94  even 

11  filled 

32  girl 

21  evening 

15  final 

18  girls 

51  ever 

11  finally 

57  give 

124  every 

49  find 

46  given 

17  everything 

17  fine 

13  gives 

14  everywhere 

15  fire 

11  giving 

12  excellent 

131  first 

21  glad 

23  except 

12  fish 

73  go 

11   executive 

49  five 

11  goes 

15  existence 

25  flour 

60  going 

11  existing 

12  follow 

12  gold 

12  expect 

14  followed 

20  gone 

11  expected 

21  following 

106  good 

17  experience 

11   follows 

17  goods 

12  experts 

53  food 

50  got 

11  express 

13  foot 

57  government 

1  1  expressed 

1035  for 

134  great 

18  eye 

23  force 

16  greater 

33  eyes 

13  forces 

11  greatest 

18  foreign 

15  greatly 

F 

12  forget 

23  ground 

30  face 

.  18  form 

12  grown 

58  fact 

11  forth 

44  gun 

13  facts 

33  forty 

23  guns 

13  fail 

17  forward 

15  failure 

55  found 

H 

11  fair 

35  four 

411  had 

11  fall 

32  free 

58  half 

22  family 

•   11  freedom 

46  hand 

63  far 

18  fresh 

32  hands 

13  farm 

17  friend 

11  happen 

11  fast 

17  friends 

19  happy 

17  father 

•  433  from 

21  hard 

12  favor 

46  front 

390  has 

13  fear 

35  full 

617  have 

32  feel 

11  fund 

31  having 

16  feeling 

29  further 

680  he 

30  feet 

29  future 

27  head 

14  fell 

25  hear 

15  fellow 

G 

23  heard 

15  felt 

ll  gained 

18  heart 

54  few 

36  gave 

21  heavy 

20  field 

37  general 

29  held 

18  fifty 

16  generally 

25  help 

40 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


222  her 

19  interesting 

107  here 

166  into 

11  herself 

11  involved 

46  high 

1213  is 

17  higher 

11  isn't 

234  him 

16  issue 

51  himself 

1216  it 

517  his 

208  its 

18  history 

38  it's 

22  hold 

26  itself 

1  1   holding 

20  I've 

.   63  home 

16  honor 

J 

30  hope 

13  job 

12  horse 

11  judgment 

17  horses 

86  just 

26  hour 

20  justice 

26  hours 

53  house 

K 

124  how 

32  keep 

22  however 

22  kept 

•     19  human 

31   kind 

21  hundred 

13  kindly 

30  knew 

I 

102  know 

1155  I 

24  knowledge 

11   I'd 

33  known 

29  idea 

30  knows 

13  ideas 

263  if 

L 

20  I'll 

39  labor 

30  I'm 

11  lack 

14  immediate 

13  laid 

12  immediately 

25  land 

1  1   immense 

39  large 

24  important 

12  largely 

26  impossible 

15  larger 

2116  in 

18  largest 

15  increased 

77  last 

24  indeed 

12  late 

15  industrial 

12  later 

15  industry 

11  latter 

11   influence 

34  law 

•    24  information 

16  laws 

1  1   instance 

13  learn 

17  instead 

15  learned 

48  interest 

19  least 

18  leave 
48  left 
53  less 

51  let 
36  letter 

20  letters 

12  liberty 
89  life 

18  light 
113  like 

52  line 

27  lines 

21  list 
111   little 

20  live 

22  living 

25  loan 
94  long 

1 1  longer 
30  look 

13  looked 

23  looking 
20  loss 

15  losses 

28  lost 
32  love 

16  low 

M 

18  machine 
170  made 

16  main 

12  majority 
'105  make 

26  makes 
32  making 

156  man 
104  many 

13  market 
12  married 

19  material 
71   matter 

160  may 

257  me 
23  mean 
46  means 
12  measure 


1000  COMMONEST  WORDS 


41 


1  7  meat 

12  native 

643  on 

19  meet 

12  natural 

59  once 

20  meeting 

20  nature 

368  one 

16  members 

23  near 

14  ones 

19  memory 

15  nearly 

189  only 

164  men 

35  necessary 

31  open 

1  1   mental 

15  necessity 

14  operation 

12  mere 

32  need 

24  opinion 

18  merely 

12  needed 

16  opportunity 

20  met 

21  needs 

458  or   • 

20  method 

13  neither 

48  order 

12  middle 

13  neutral 

13  orders 

77  might 

101  never 

12  ordinary 

12  mile 

99  new 

12  organization 

20  miles 

18  news 

169  other 

51   military 

44  next 

25  others 

19  milk 

46  night 

16  ought 

11  mill 

321   no 

331  our 

22  million 

12  nobody 

20  ourselves 

16  millions 

13  non 

203  out 

39  mind 

17  none 

153  over 

13  minute 

28  nor 

75  own 

16  minutes 

,,12  normal 

15  miss 

11   north 

P 

23  modern 

589  not 

16  paid 

27  moment 

24  note 

13  paper 

60  money 

61  nothing 

79  part 

24  month 

210  now 

19  particular 

32  months 

.    32  number 

17  parts 

210  more 

,    18  numbers 

27  party 

45  morning 

20  pass 

105  most 

17  passed 

20  mother 

29  past 

13  motor 

17  object 

14  patriotism 

1  1  move 

21  o'clock 

43  pay 

14  moved 

3998  of 

59  peace 

104  much 

43  off 

163  people 

163  must 

22  offensive 

12  peoples 

296  my 

27  office 

60  per 

33  myself 

23  officers 

21   perfect 

1  1  offices 

26  perhaps 

N 

22  official 

14  period 

40  name 

12  officials 

•  17  permit 

14  names 

27  often 

•  19  permitted 

37  nation 

53  oh 

14  person 

21  national 

19  oil 

15  personal 

16  nations 

75  old 

13  persons 

42 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


16  picture 

Q 

161  said 

11  pictures 

li  quality 

67  same 

52  place 

23  question 

14  sat 

12  placed 

16  questions 

13  satisfactory 

18  places 

12  quickly 

33  save 

16  plain 

27  quite 

17  saved 

22  plan 

R 

14  saving 

19  plans 

11  railroads 

41  saw 

18  play 

20  range 

111  say 

15  please- 

18  rate 

27  saying 

16  pleased 

32  rather 

52  says 

16  pleasure 

17  reach 

23  school 

32  point 

13  reached 

25  sea 

11  police 

24  read 

24  second 

23  political 

14  read  (p) 

12  section 

23  poor 

19  ready 

13  secure 

23  position 

31  real 

103  see 

12  possibility 

33  really 

11  seeing 

54  possible 

23  reason 

19  seem 

22  pound 

16  reasons 

26  seemed 

26  pounds 

23  received 

30  seems 

57  power 

IS  recent 

36  seen 

15  practical 

16  recently 

17  self 

61  present 

13  red 

28  send 

17  president 

20  regard 

19  sense 

13  press 

14  region 

28  sent 

13  pressure 

22  remember 

13  serious 

23  pretty 

19  report 

11  served 

12  prevent 

12  reported 

48  service 

30  price 

22  reports 

48  set 

11  prices 
12  principle 
11  private 
18  probably 

18  required 
15  respectfully 
11  responsible 
18  rest 

13  seven 
37  several 
120  shall 
11  shape 

18  problem 

28  result 

188  she 

21  products 

17  return 

15  shells 

15  progress 

91  right 

18  ship 

21  proper 

12  ring 

12  shipment 

16  property 

21  road 

11  shipping 

16  proposed 

'  21  room 

20  ships 

13  provide 

14  round 

118  should 

13  provided 

18  run 

31  show 

68  public 

11  running 

13  showing 

11  pure 

12  shown 

42  purpose 

S 

43  side 

16  purposes 

13  sacrifice 

16  sight 

63  put 

15  safe 

19  similar 

43 


18  simple 

14  strike 

44  thing 

13  simply 

11  striking 

82  things 

52  since 

14  strong 

73  think 

13  single 

14  study 

19  thinking 

14  sit 

32  subject 

22  third 

12  sitting 

19  success 

24  thirty 

40  situation 

11  successful 

572  this 

37  six 

132  such 

104  those 

13  size 

12  suit 

38  though 

46  small 

11  sum 

67  thought 

300  so 

16  summer 

27  thousand 

16  social 

18  support 

13  thousands 

15  sold 

14  supplies 

75  three 

27  soldiers 

19  supply 

78  through 

152  some 

17  suppose 

14  throughout 

40  something 

21  sure 

17  thus 

14  sometimes 

11  surely 

19  till 

42  soon 

11  sweet 

-   205  time 

20  sort 

19  system 

27  times 

16  south 

2924  to 

17  speak 

68  today 

12  speaking 

17  to-day 

26  special 

13  table 

25  together 

12  spent 

86  take 

33  told 

•14  spirit 

46  taken 

11  tomorrow 

11   spring 

22  taking 

12  tonight 

11  staff 

20  talk 

16  tons 

12  stage 

16  task      . 

57  too 

43  stand 

12  taught 

40  took 

14  standard 

22  tea 

17  total 

1  1   started 

51  tell 

13  touch 

36  state 

12  telling 

19  toward 

38  statement 

24  ten 

18  town 

12  station 

17  terms 

11  trade 

11  stay 

194  than 

19  train 

48  steel 

21  thank 

17  training 

14  step 

1345  that 

13  trains 

58  still 

21  that's 

15  transportation 

11  stone 

7310  the 

26  troops 

16  stood 

315  their 

21  trouble 

19  stooped 

.   228  them 

30  true 

12  stop 

,    34  themselves 

30  truly 

20  story 

115  then 

17  trust 

11  straight 

306  there 

21  truth 

17  strange 

16  therefore 

14  try 

21  street 

152  these 

11  trying 

19  strength 

478  they 

17  turn 

44 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


30  turned 

12  wants 

13  wise 

13  twelve 

214  war 

28  wish 

30  twenty 

839  was 

727  with 

146  two 

11  wasn't 

20  within 

12  type 

39  water 

70  without 

104  way 

59  woman 

U 

15  ways 

47  women 

108  under 

529  we 

15  won 

19  understand 

13  weather 

14  wonder 

12  unknown 

25  week 

17  won't 

21  unless 

15  weeks 

19  word 

50  until 

113  well 

18  words 

16  unto 

50  went 

83  work 

204  up 

305  were 

13  working 

129  upon 

15  west 

12  works 

123  us 

253  what 

103  world 

28  use 

16  whatever 

22  worth 

36  use  (v) 

32  wheat 

1  1  worse 

45  used 

237  when 

252  would 

12  using 

83  where 

15  wouldn't 

12  usual 

31  whether 

21  write 

454  which 

14  written 

V 

78  while 

32  wrong 

26  value  , 

16  white 

14  various 

248  who 

Y 

145  very 

45  whole 

59  year 

15  vessels 

28  whom 

93  years 

20  victory 

42  whose 

23  yes 

29  view 

51  why 

33  yesterday 

13  village 

11  wide 

68  yet 

12  voice 

1  1  wife 

775  you 

11  wild 

41  young 

W 

445  will 

214  your 

14  wait 

13  willing 

16  you're 

44  want 

17  win 

56  yours 

24  wanted 

1  1  \vinter 

12  yourself 

Number  of  words  counted    ......  100,000 

Words  in  this  list  (which  includes  all  used  more  than 

once  in  10,000  words) 1,027 

Total  occurrences  of  words  listed        ....  78,633 


WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS  45 


INTRODUCTION  TO  WORD  SIGN  AND 
CONTRACTION  LIST 


On  the  following  pages  will  be  found  an  alphabeti- 
cal list  of  all  the  word  signs  and  contractions  recom- 
mended by  the  Committee.  This  list  is  not  intended 
in  any  way  as  a  general  vocabulary  or  phrase  list, 
although  many  words  have  been  included  which  are 
not  strictly  word  signs  or  contractions.  Such  words 
have  been  inserted  either  because  many  writers  use 
contractions  for  them  and  the  long  form  is  inserted 
to  show  the  Committee's  preference,  or  they  have 
been  added  for  illustrative  purposes.  The  few  phrases 
which  have  been  included  are  given  to  show  their 
relation  to  one  of  the  word  signs  or  contractions. 

Word  signs  (outlines  composed  of  single  strokes 
and  appendages)  are  printed  in  bold-face  type. 
Words  which  are  derived  directly  from  word  signs 
are  indented.  Words  which  are  inserted  because  of 
danger  of  conflict  or  for  comparison  and  which  are 
not  necessarily  in  their  alphabetical  order  are  in- 
dented and  placed  in  parentheses. 

In  Pitmanic  shorthand,  several  methods  are  em- 
ployed for  indicating  the  past  tense.  In  the  list  of 
words  following,  four  such  methods  are  indicated 
and  when  one  of  these  four  methods  may  be  em- 
ployed, the  fact  is  indicated  by  a  superior  letter  or 
character  as  shown  in  the  key  on  the  following  page. 


46  STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


KEY  TO  WORD  SIGN  AND 
CONTRACTION  LIST 


adjudged the  past  tense  should  be  expressed  by 

a  joined  dm  /. 

abOlish-edd  ....  the  outline  given  is  usually  safe  for  all 
forms  indicated,  but  when  necessary,  the 
past  tense  may  be  expressed  by  a  joined 
d  or  /. 

accept"*1 the  past  tense  should  be  expressed  by  a 

disjoined  d  or  /. 

acquiesce-d~d  .  .  .  the  outline  given  is  usually  safe  for  all 
forms  indicated,  but  when  necessary,  the 
past  tense  may  be  expressed  by  a  dis- 
joined d  or  t. 

engage  -ment  .  .  .  the  past  tense  should  be  expressed  by 
halving  the  final  stroke. 

accompany-ied  -ment  the  outline  given  is  usually  safe  for  all 
forms  indicated,  but  when  necessary,  the 
past  tense  may  be  expressed  by  halving 
the  final  stroke. 

abstract" the  past  tense  should  be  expressed  by 

making  the  final  stroke  double  length. 

acquaint-ed2-ance  .  the  outline  given  is  usually  safe  for  all 
forms  indicated,  but  when  necessary,  the 
past  tense  may  be  expressed  by  making 
the  final  stroke  double  length. 

accomplisn-ed1  ...      the  hyphens  indicate  that  the  outline 
-ment  given  is  used  for  all  three  forms. 

acceptable-     ....      the  hyphen  indicates  that  the  outline  is  for 
ness  acceptableness  and  not  for  acceptable. 

(voc.) indicates    that    the    outline    should    be 

vocalized. 

(V) indicates  that  the  word  is  a  verb. 

(n) indicates  that  the  word  is  a  noun. 


Woun  SIGNS  AMD  CONTRACTIONS 
WORD   SIGNS   AND   CONTRACTIONS 


47 


A 

a                       ».  

accident           <f.  
accidental       .*f.  

acquiescent        ^.... 
acquirement       .  ...  .    ... 

ability              ^ 

(incidental)      ^" 

active-ity 

able-bodied        N^  

(suddenly)      ..J.^.... 

addition           \  

abolish-edd                    f 

accommodate2 

\ 

(adhesion)             V! 

about               _ 

accommodation        LJ 

(condition) 

above-men-          >> 

accommodative      u 

(edition)           \j 

tioned                  ^-o 
abstract2            X^  

(obstruct)        ^y 

accompanist       _  
accompany 

additional-ly  ..1  

7 

abstractedly       .v.. 

-ied'-ment       —  ^- 
accomplice          ^^ 

(voc)              f 

adjutant-gen-     ..    / 

y 

abstractor           \ 

(common-       .      \o 

eral                   7 
admeasurement  </    U 

1 

abstraction             Iv 

place)                 i 
accomplish-ed1 

aclminister-ed1     1 

U 

(obstruction)     >\ 

-ment 
according 

1   J 

(destroy)         ..     T 

u 
abstractive         v 

according  to 

administerial        I 

1 

abstractly           v 

accordingly 

i/' 
administrable       1 

T 
accept"1*            _ 

accurate 

5 
administra-        ^  1   . 

(except)           \ 

accuracy          c     ) 

tion                  1     * 

(decision)          * 

(expect)           .\. 

accurately       ..  .  /^" 

(demonstra-    ...VT-»  .. 

acceptability  „  

acceptable       „  

\ 

acceptable- 

acknowledge-d1  '.. 
-ment 
acquaint-ed2       ..^r^^,... 
-ance 
acquaintance-      —  ^_^ 

tion)                     U 
(destruction)  ..\  

administrative    ...1.  
administrator       I 

ness             ^N^ 
acceptance     „  
•Ij? 
acceptation 
p 

ship                  -=s 
acquiesce-d"d       1.  

acquiescence       2^_p 

1 

administratrix    .r.l  

admittedly         ~T~^~*.. 

48 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


admonish-ed~d     I    .. 

adviser             ^\ 

agriculturBt 

-tion             f"^ 
(diminish)       .\^t>    .. 

advisory          ^°^..  

ah 

advancement      .1^  

(officer)            ^S  . 

alcohol                 f 

advantage        ./ 

(official)           S^ 

falkali)              s    s~ 

(age)               ./  

advised             . 

alcoholic              /" 

advantages       ./ 

advisedly         ^"* 

alcoholism            s 

-ous 
advantage-      .J,. 

affect-ed2          1^.  

alderman  ' 

ously           (  . 

(justly)            ./^T  

advantage-      .(^ 

(effect)            .^>  
affection-ate    ..V^J    . 

(aldermen)      ./.... 
aldermanic 

ousness           . 
(justness)        .a~~y 

(fashion)           i 

all 

adventure-dd      1 

affectionate-    ..Ss^~TT.. 

all  right 

advertise           1 

ness             o 
afflict                  .^—  — 

all-round 

b  
advertiser       ..I. 

(conflict)          ^~ 

all-sufficient     \^J. 

•*s 

advertised 

affliction            ^5 

allegation         Y~ 

b  

(distributed)  ..li  
advertisement  1 

aforementioned  .JL  
aforesaid              i 

Lf 

(election)        !"o  
v~ 
allopath-y           ' 

(ad)                 ..I...  . 

Vo 

(for  said)         SJ 

allopathic-ally    .XT  ... 

.1 
(due)               ..I.  . 

after                 A  . 

allopathist          ....        .: 

advice               ]Sfc. 

afternoon         .  y 

almighty 

(device)           ,J\  . 

(forenoon)       ^~^_y 

almost 

advisable        -^v. 

agency                / 

along 

-ility             ..  ^ 
(feasible)         .^. 

agent                  £_, 

alongshore 

(visible)             \P 

(gentleman) 

alongside 

advisableness  .  ^^o- 

aggregate-d2 

(inside) 

advise             ..S° 

ago                     i 

along  there 

advisement     .„!*?  

agriculture-al 

already 

WOR 
altogether           

D  SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 
antagonize-d"d   

ACTIONS                         4^ 
(none)            s_j? 

am                       

Antarctic            -i^y\  

anyway 

amalgamate-d'd  

antedate-d2         

apart                  *\ 

-tion             C7^— 
America              c  —  - 

North  Amer-  ....^?!.... 
ica 
South  Amer-  .£  

antenuptial         ^^.J  .. 

apoplectic           ^. 

anthropologist    .^Ss^.. 

apoplexy              x 

anthropology      ]*x... 

appear 

ica                •*"* 

Americanism    ^r^-Tfnv 

Americaniza-       ^-^     c 
tion 
amount            .<» 

-ical                  ^5  
antichristian       

appearance          °  ...  . 

anxiety               .>•£  

—  P 
(honesty)              ' 

(principles)      .^\  
appearances        O 

(account)        

anxious               .!7rr1  

applicable-y       ^ 

amount  to       ^» 

anxiously            .rr^U.... 
anxiousness        .  ^7-6  .... 
any                    

-ility                   
application      *\  , 

anything 
an 

(obligation)     .Xi  
apply1                ^..  

and 
angel                /.  
angelic             /    
angina  pectoris      !^r> 

anybody         .«™.^  .. 

<t 

(belong)          ..>  

(nobody)         .v.^^...... 
anyhow 

(follow)      yC.  .. 

appliance         Siy  
o^ 

(plans)            ^  
apportion-ed"d     \/   .. 

Anglo-Saxon 

anything 

anguish               ""—^ 

anything  (in 

(unusual-ly)    ..TI2.  
annual-ly         
annual  report 

phrases) 
(nothing)         .^  

(enough)         .?T?Sr,.. 
anywhere 

-ment 
appreciation    9S^  

C5 
(persuasion)    ..^c  

(precision)       .....v!  

another           s  s... 
another  one    ^      <-? 
antagonism         „.... 
antagonist 

any  other            

(procession)    ...^  
apprehend"*1      „.  

o 

apprehensible     ."V.  
apprehension  .'V  
apprehensive-ly  .!\.  

any  other  one 

(neither  one)  * 

anyone             

antagonistic        ^  

(no  one)           .^—G.^^.. 

STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


approximate""1     ..»>.  

(irrigation)         

astonishingly       TTTN  .... 

(proximate)     .  .  .V~  T»  . 

argumentative    ~N 

astronomical       .1  

•(presumed)     .rv.. 

aristocracy            \ 

astronomy-ic      .).. 

approximately    ...ft!\. 

^ 
aristocrat-ic                  \ 

at                       I 

approximation    .JO... 
(presump-       .^r~>  • 

around                 

o 

arrangement          ^> 

1 

at  some  time  ..L  

at  the  same    ..I..  . 

tion) 
arbitrarily              \>  ^, 

arrive1 

time 
at  all                  .P 

arbitrary            .~X     ... 
arbitrate-dz        .~\ 

artistic                
artistical-ly            /^.. 

Atlantic  ocean    .^v..-y. 
attitude 

arbitration             y\ 

a 

as 

•\ 

attorney-gen-        v^^/    • 

^U 
arbitrative             ji 

as  it                    

eral                      ^7 
attraction         *\ 

^    w 

arbitrator           V 

(first)              .O.  

aught 

archbishop          ...L.\^.. 
•jrcheologist           —  7 

as  it  is             „_  
as  thr 

auspicious           .*L  
auspiciously        \ 

-\  ° 
archeology-ical   ....V~yT   . 

0' 

as  to 

auspiciousness    .•C  

architect             ~-v 

<7 
ascendency          \^  . 

(» 
authenticity        j 

architecture-al     ~N 

ask  (in  phrases) 

automobile          s! 

-ally                    VZ 
Arctic                           ' 

aspect                  \  

(table)             .1  

arduously            .^sC.  
arduousness        .     
are                   ^\./L. 

asphyxia-te-ted"d  :N,. 
asphyxiation       ."S^  
assemble-d"d        .i^~.  

avenue  (in         .\^_  

phrases) 
average               ..^..  

(verge)            Ssl  

are  not                 ~i 

assemblyman      )  —  •*•  —  ^ 

(voyage)          ^"7  . 

you  are  not     .r/..  .^\ 
you  will  not     <-/° 

(assembly-      .Irrr^^r^. 
men)             ^ 
assist-ed-ance 

aware                ....^s.  

i 
awe-d                

argument            "x 

(assistant)        0 

awesome         

argumentation     ~"\    ~^ 

astonish-edd           —  ' 

awful-ly                 

-ment 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


51 


awfulness        ^~s> 

(bushel)          \\  
baptism              \ 

behind              .^  

aye  (always)       • 

aye  (yes) 

baptismal           \ 

belief                 .\>  

B 

backstairs          v 

Baptist               V 

believe-*            .\  

baotistrv            V 

believable       .!V.  
believer          Arv  
(bluffer)          .S^  

bacteriology        .^r-rrr/.. 

-ical                 v 
bacteriologist      ....?—  —L 

baggage                x  
(badge)  (voc.).-^  
(object)  (n.)       'y 
(object)  (v.)    ,\.. 

^ 
baptize                \. 

>e 

baptized             V 

be                       \S 

belong""1            ..S  

because 

belongings      .._o  

become                 v 
becomingly         X      ; 
becomingness     \... 
before               \s 

benediction        ...!j?.  
benefactor          .v.  

(package)        V.  
balance            ^     ' 

benefactress        v_>^-. 

benevolent-ly   %..,_.  ^.., 
-ence             v     ^*- 
benignant-ly       ^~r^~~.. 

(plans)            .£.  
balanceable     *y 

beforehand      \>^ 

befo  re-men-    \O.  
tioned 
began 

\ 

besoeak                  \. 

balance-sheet  .V;.  .    . 

bespoke              ^V...  

%    ' 

bespoken              ID 

balanced           S... 

^ 

bank                  x  
bank-bill          V 

begin 

beginner              "> 

P 
between             ° 

beginning 

beyond 

bank-stock      \  

begins                    ° 

billion  (after      ^ 

bankable         .V  
banked            V^  
banker            N. 

begun               .  .,  
behave-d^-ior  -v  
beheld 
behold              x. 

figures)             v 
bishop                 ..J.  

bishopric               ^ 

blacksmith          ^ 

bankrupt         .\J  
bankruptcy     .\  
barrel                ......  <\. 

blacksmith  shop  ,?y^....l 
bloodguilty         .^  
bloodthirstiness  .S<\  

beholden         ^ 

beholder          .s:    

52 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


boarding  school  <y  
bookkeeper         \ 

California            .c  —  S^.... 
can 

changeable-     .A^  
ness 
changeful         d 

bookstore            V... 

cannot               "T3.  

changefuhiess  (!.„ 

v>^ 

boxcar                ..r        .. 

can't 

changeless        / 

brakeman            \.  ..^ 

capable                   .N»  ... 

changeless-      J/G  

CV 

capital  stock              \    .. 

ness 
changer           ../  

(foreman)         ^^~^.. 

chapter                 / 

captaincy 

^i> 
brethren           *\ 

carpenter 

r1iarartpri<;tir                 r, 

brother             ^V 

carpentry                     y 

rharartpristiral 

brother-in-      .  \ 

cash-register         "TT-^.. 

-ly 

law              ^C-^ 
brotherhood      N. 

cashbook              777 

tion 

build-t               ^ 

Catholic               —  r 

charge"4              / 

building           .    • 

Catholicism             ~i 

chargeable        / 

building  con-      | 

catholicity               T 

charity 

tractor               _ 
buildings                  c 

celestial-ly         o.  

chattel  mort- 

No 
business 

certain              a/. 

gage                 ^ 
rViprk-hnolc             /v 

(boss)              .^°  
(boys)             ^°  

certainly         o^.  
certainty         .cxi  

chief  justice        ...*  
child 

(office)             S* 

\ 

certificate           °NV_ 

childhood         \ 

V-  
businesslike      Q 

challenge-d'd         /* 

childlike 

busybody             ^^    .... 

challengeable      ..I*.  

children             u 

but                    i 

r/ 

challenger         ^-••/  

C 

cabinet               .X.... 

chandelier           .„.„**.. 
chaniie'd           ../.. 

chose  in  action   ...^..  
Christian 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


Christianity            1 

collect-ed            c 

(compete)       

c—  e 

collectible                    \ 

competitive          ^ 

tion                  c  —  ^ 
Christianize             ) 

collector                        .  1 

competence 

Christianlike       

(rWlr)                 C 

-ent                  \ 
competency        

Christlike 

Colord                    C 

comprehend        .^  

combination      ^ 

-edd                Vv 
comprehensi-        ^—J5 

-ty               / 

chunk                   / 

(combine)           ^ 

ble-ity           V    ^N 
comprehension     ^S  •• 

n 
church-mem-       .  ./  

come 

*c\ 
comprehensive    ..A  

ber                    X.p     „ 
circumference           Sw:. 

commander-in- 

•>. 

\ 

comprehensively.  .  .  A  .  .  .  .  .* 

P    X7 
circumferential    \^/. 

chief               '  1 

rnmmerrial-ly            f-  ^ 

comprehensive-  ..\  

circumnavi- 

rnmmprriali<;m       '""S  — 

ness                      >~v_P 
computation       • 

gate-d"d-tion     ~S^y 
circumstance  d 

common              

c3 
concentration    *9^,_-^?. 

circumstances  a.     . 

common  carrier  

concern-ed1      ,!T^  

circumstan-      J 

common  coun-          { 

(surround)       ...._  

tial                   P 

di            .^JT 

c/7 
conclusion 

tial  evidence    p 
circumstan-      A 

'-~_O_P 

common  sense 

conclusive-ly            C^ 

tiate               o 
circumstan-      J 

commoner 

condition 

tiation       <^p 
circumstan-     .J/  
tiality           ^  P 
citizen                 r. 

commonest         

(addition)       ..I  

r 

(adhesion) 

f 
citizenship         .K 

commonness 

(edition)          ..u  

<t 

civil  engineer      ..^rj.  

clearance 

commonplace      .^So... 

•^l 
commonwealth 

conditional      ...V.  
-Ly                  f 
(additional     _.l  

Co. 

company 

-ly)           pC? 

conference 

C.  0.  D.             Zl  

coefficient           .......  ^7^.. 
coessential            ....)  

compensation  .^s\  

workmen's       .<££..„ 
compensation  *v 
comoetition 

confidence          .^~i  

^4 

confident             .....J  
confidential-lv    ../!~1  

conform-ed"*1           >    . 

consideration    u 

convenient          v>-' 

(form)             ...^\  
(formal-ly)      .....j.  
conformity      ...^1  
(in  conform-    .  .       i  .. 

constitution     ..p.  
constitution-      P 

conveniently       ^^ 

converge             ..>s-  
convergence         ^-^ 

al-ally             Y 
constitution-         P 

ality           n     M 
construct2           .L_  

construction    ..Jj.     .. 

convergent          So*  

(in  conform-   A. 
ity  with  the) 
confoundedly 

conversation    .Vg,  
conversational  .  .  .S^  

any  conversaOs^,  
tion         -___v^i 
entire  conver-  \^ 
sation 
in  their  con-      .X^ 
versation 
no  conversa-   .>  —  \--" 
tion               .      ^ 
convict-ed'd          

constructive       u 

constructively.  .  .  u£.  
contemplate2       .U^  
contemplation    ..Ur^..  
contemplative      1  —  x.    .. 

connectedly        ,_x:  
conscience          ..5r~?  

conscientious      ^</    
o/ 
conscientiously  ...</^>... 

>  ' 
conscientious-     -^_^« 

'.    -O 
contentedly        .As.  

contentedness     .  .  .  \Lp  .... 

contingency        ..Srrf  

•i 
contract  (n.)       ...'  

(conveyed)       V,.. 

ness                   o<L-P 
consequence           ° 

conviction            ^""T    ... 

(significance) 

corporation     ^  D.  
correct                 

consequent 

contract2  (v.)      ..'L  
contraction         ...H  
contractor            I 

consequently        i 

correctable          Nw. 

(secondly)       .o-y^... 
consequential 

1 
contradict-ed"*1   

contradictory 

correctly          *-  
correctness          
correspondence      ..  .  

conservative     a^.  ..... 

conserva-        .o<^..<~> 
tiveness           S 

1 

contradiction         ^ 

/. 
contradistinc-     ...."N^.... 
tive                   1, 
contradistin-       ...H™  
guish-ed^         /  ' 
controversy        ....^  

controvert-ed2    ./c^\  
convenience        .J^TTT... 

could 

consider'-able 

countenance       .        ..... 

-ably 
considerate       ^ 

countenanced     
countryman          —  y.... 

considerately  .'\S.  

considerate-    .^.p  
ness 

(countrymen)  ..r&C..,,. 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


55 


county 

curious 

deformity            !•>, 

covenant-ed             ^"~ 

p 
curiosity         „    I 

1    ' 

degeneration         1 

cover                  ,....:? 

curiously               s~  . 

^  c  

degree 

(covered)        —  £..  
(govpm)          —  i 

c  —  6 

curiousness      -a—  a 
c  —  ^—  " 

nistomer-ary      ..-.g    .. 

dejectedly           1  

//r 

dejectedness           1 

covetous                    ^o 

nistomari'v             // 

pA.JP 
delinquent       ... 

covetously                ^> 

f 

delinquents       ° 

covetousness            ^<J_j? 

D 

damage               I 

-ence               p 

(deliverance)  ci    

crank 

\-~^ 

(dam)              .1  

delinquency    X  

creature            ci~.... 

V          ;                   j™ 

danger                .)U  

f 

delinquently   ..r/T  

c  —  I 

credential               J 

dangerous             li 

deliver-ed-*1       .f  

p 
crestfallen                Xs 

1 

dangerously             M 

deliverable      A  

criminal-ly 

K 

daughter-in-law    l 

r* 

deliverer         .1^.  

criminality          ?..*•••  —  ' 

dear                  '.... 

delivery          ...I/  .. 

criminate-d"*1       c 

1 

(doctor)           ...'.  

deliverance      d  

-ation                    g—  . 
cross-examina- 

dearly            ..^  

demarkation       1—  ^_D.. 

tion                  <__tf—  ~j 
cross-examine1    

cross-purpose      fZTSs... 

(directly)        ..J^"  
dearest             ..  0  

democracy          .1-^  
(autocracy)     .  ~~]  

o-P-^N, 
cross-question     
^i 
cross-section       

(quarter  sec- 

December          Jrx  
declare-d'-ation  J  
defendant        .1  

1 
democrat-ic        .  \-^  

democratic         .1^  
party               i/-) 
demolish-edd        +^.S.. 

tion)            <_0_ 
crosswalk 

deficiency           .  T^..  ...... 

demonstrable-y  .... 

(crossing) 

deficient-ly               

N 
demonstrate-d2  ..Wrrev.... 

cubic  feet            
(cubic  foot)    

culminate-d*1      c  —  ^... 
-ation 

deflect                J  
deflection           J  

deform-ed1          .K..  
-ation                   I 

demonstration    ..Ur-«i.... 

,     -  u 

demonstrative  U^aV-rsi. 

i"   v 

demonstrator      .Ur-sv  

56 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


denominate     .V  
-d^-ation          I 

denomina-       ./~  

deservingly          &..  
designate-d^       crr^  

differ-ent          .V...,  
-ence              1    "/? 

differential      .._  

tional           '    I 
denomina-       ./y.  

-ation               i 
despicable-y       ck.... 

differentiate    J*...  

tionalism     d~T^ 
denominative  ..\L  

!>• 

denominator    °^ 

*        ^vl_ 
despicableness    cL  

1^—  \o 

despondency       °S 

\S>> 

differentia-      .Y..  
tion               1 
differently         "( 

department         .1.  
dependency 

)i 
destitute             .....b  

destitution          .1  

difficult-y        c.  
dignify-ied            — 

deputy                ..'.I 
deputy  clerk      I 

destructible        ..  J  

1  X 

destruction         q    .? 

dignitary             .~\^C. 
dilapidate-d2       P 

deputy  sheriff  L.  
derange-d'-menr^r-.l/Ty 
(drainage)          J 

u, 

destructive         ...A  

destructively      J  

If 

destructiveness  d 

\l 

diplomatist         ....J  

Lv-o 


direct  examin-    •a~~~\ 

(trench)         '...L... 

1    ' 
derive1              .V     ..... 

\*~9 
detain-edd          ...1  

(deaden)           \    _, 

ation                A 
direct  testi-         .cjr>v  
mony                rv 
directly                 I/' 

0 
derivable         ...\V.  

\ 

derivation       ..._  

detention            ..  ..1  

i  J 
determinable        n 

directness           .\Q  
director               .  .1    

0 

derivative       ...^Sil.... 

determinate        .n. 

director  of  the     j  

describe-d1  • 

n 

determinative     '  n 

company          „  -|- 
directorate            n 

describable      !\., 
describer                 ^ 

r  I 

determine-dd      ....u...ri.... 

-ation                .      J 
determinedly       K 

directorial          ..r\  
directorship        ...1  

description 

J/, 
detestation               j 

directory             n  

descriptive       .         . 

ft 
detraction           I 

direction           ..\j  

(secretive)       

n  . 

develop1                   Is  . 

disaccommo-       V....I  

descriptive-     ^? 
ness              .  x 
deserve-d^           g 

development      .by.  

1 
devolve1              ^k 

date-d2              1 
disaccommoda-  ......  1  .  .... 
tion                    . 
disadvantage      ...Jb  

deservedly           c     •  ••• 

dictionary           ..V\  

disadvantages     ...h  

-ous                  f 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


57 


disaffecfd           t  
disagreement       

disentangle-dd     T  
-ment               j2  " 
disenthrall-ed1     .\j__f\.... 

distention           ..b  
distinct 

disarrangement   d-^  

-ment                 ,     / 
disestablish-ed"d  J  ... 

distinction 

disbelief              ..._&... 

A 

disbelieve           ,.S^  

-ment                C 
disinf  ect-ed2-ant^2_?<*  

disinterested         .  P. 

(destination)   ..uTT^  
(discretion)      b  — 

(disable)          .A  
(dispel)           Ox  s~ 

disinterested-     ;?r^-^rPp 
ness                 .  
dislocate-d          Q 

(dissension)     \i_~)  

disbeliever          -\>:  
discharge-d"d       ...1  
discolor-ed'd        /.L  

dismember          J~^cv^ 
-ment                 •      ^ 
(disremember)  .  (Jv  
]  \ 
disorganization    "         . 

distinctive-      .•"S?..... 
ness               I 
distinctly        .v(.  

distinctness 

-ation              lj— 
disconf  ormity     .P.  .  .  Y  .  .  . 

disorganize               "^ 

distinguish-edd 

discontentedly    .RJ  

disorganized       y  Tir 

distinguishable            \  . 

y,r 

discontinuance  bl.... 

L 

disorganizer        rrT^S. 

distingufsher       .  rl/  .. 

LUC_P 
discontinuation  .  bl..     ... 

discontinue-dd    ..bl  

disparagement    .J  
dispense-able      civ.  

distractedly        J  
distraction          .../  j  ... 

UL_ 

discountenance  .1  

-ability            Ij) 
dispiritedly         .PV^  ... 

^ 
distractive 

rfisrover-pd            J     -> 

\ 
distribute^         u  V 

discoverable       J    v 
discoverer          J      -K.  .  . 
discrepancy       C|T^TN.^.... 
discriminate-d"d  Y~~.  

disproportion"11    .cL  , 

disproportion-  o^  
able                  1  \\ 
disproportional  JL..^^. 

disproportionateA 

-tion 

(advertised)    ,...L  

distributable  ..  ..l^..  .... 

distributive     .    L  ~ 
^w 

distributor 

-ation              J      ^- 

discriminatory    *}......(...... 

disproportion-   A     .  T|  .. 

r^ 

district                

discriminative          V^ 

ateness         •  0x^3  1 
disrespect       at\ 

district  attorney.  .      

discriminator     «        i 

disrespectful-ly  if  \J 

district  attor-     .V  _.. 

discriminatory  ~  ....l//.. 
disengage-d1        v_// 

dissatisfaction    1...  
dissimilar-ity 

ney's  office        K^~ 
district  court      

b7   L 

district  judge      7!otl..J?. 

-ment                 if 

58 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


District  Of  Col-  4rrr:  

drunkard         J... 

(alcohol)           /-•" 

umbia              i 
disturb-edd        D 

f 

drunken           J  .  ^.    .. 

-ance             • 

disturber         .U\  

divergency          .u^7...... 
diversiform         .Lc..  ...;,. 

drunkenness    A^  
during              ..']....^>. 
dwelling  house    \L..  

electrification      /     
electrify               (     

f             iS  ^^ 

eleemosynary  ^~z> 

do                        I 

dwelling  place     V     >0 

elegantly 

doing                1 

dynamite 

(eloquently)     /     x^~ 

doings              .1  

dynamiter                  .... 

element-al-ly       ^-~>. 

°1 
doctor               '  

dynamo-electric  '  —  '~f> 

eliminate-d''         .    ^ 

doctrine            ..r  

i  — 
dyspepsia-tic      dl 

-ation 
(illuminate        /^ 

doctrinal         ...v/7.  
document           .~r  

£ 

earmark             ..^"Ttrrr:. 

-dd-ation)      ^ 
elongation           ..(^-p  

elsewhere             k/^ 

(docket)(voc.)    • 

eastward               j 

embank  -ment     .'    \  .. 

documentary        —  ^, 

ecrentric-ity      o        .* 

(bank)             ..V       .. 

evidence           I 
dollar-s  (fol-       ' 

edition             .U.  

embezzlement     ./  —  "(?  .. 

lowing  figures) 
downhearted        I 

pffprt2                     V^ 

emergency              • 

downstairs         1> 

(affect)             I 

s  —  •. 

emphasis-ize-d''        vO 

"if"" 
draftsman 

effectual-ly         \..  ,.,,,.. 

employment       .»  

drank 

c          ' 

effectuate            V  .,. 

(implement)         ^^-^ 

\ 

C7" 

efficiency            ..       

encyclopedia-ic  .S.. 

chine                7"  1 
drink 

efficient-ly            ^~^^  .. 

Encyclopedia    T™T!?V. 

1 

drinkable         X.  

a 

election            .^..0  

Britannica    ^_gi^.s^ 
encyclopedia  ot^...^.  .... 
law                   ^^ 

(druggist)        ..Lea.... 
t\ 

(dry  goods        ^>] 

electric               ..L  —  
electric  current    <    c~^> 

endangerment    ....^K. 
*~^ 
endeavor-ed*d     .  .^~*  

store)            a    ' 
drunk                 \j 

"^"""l    V 

(indifferent     V  

-ence) 

WORD 

engage'-ment      .^!>T.  

(enlarge-          ^1  
ment)           ^JL- 

England              ._  

English                ,.^\.  
Englishman        ....<*7?.... 
enhancement     ^~^^£L/.. 
(announce- 

SIGNS AND  CONTRA 
esophagus           .'.  . 

CTIONS                         59 

everywhere     .  !„%..  
evidence            V_  
(vote)              \1  

especial-Iy           1  

v 

esquire                .1  
essential-ly         1.  ... 

evidentiary     ^cj  
(evident)         .s*^  
evidential       -^J-  
evidently         .  ^y^.  .... 
evil-mind  edness  ^rr?. 
evil-speaking      .  _"~£L  .  .  . 
exact                     
exactitude       
exactly           ./^~.... 
exactness 

essentials            )^/..... 
(essence)          j^p  

establish-ed^      ^  
-ment            X 
establisher          ) 

ment)            —  ^-2-x 
enlarge-d"d-ment."Ty?.  

(indulge-d       ."J.  
-ence-ent)      ' 
enough               !?TT\_.. 

(never)            ,  —  ^  
(nothing)         >  —  *  
ensanguine-d"d     
entangle-d* 

estrange-ment     .Z?..\  
^-i 
evangel             .P.  '.. 

(angel)             / 

evangelical      .P.  
-ly               d— 
evangelist        .P.  

evangelization  .J).  
evangelize         ..P.  
evangelized       .f.  
even  -ing              ^^  .. 

O  n 

exactor            I.... 
exaction 

Q      0 

(execution)     _. 
exaggerate-d""1  ..„  
exaggerator     .    
exaggeratory  ....^.^.. 

-ment                ~~^^f] 
enthrall-ed1         „. 
-ment 
enthusiasm         ^^  

enthusiastic       ~~~^t^.  
-ally                J^, 
entire                

entirely           '...... 
entireness 

ever                   ^^" 

Cf 

everlasting 

exaggeration    ..9  
exaggerative     ..?./... 

L  (~r 

examine1           
(summon)        <$.  ^> 

entirety 

everlastingly  
evermore 

—  1 
entitled 

epilepsy-  tic         /V.>  
Episcopal            ..V  
Episcopalian       .^  y.. 

Episcopalian-      .^  ^^. 
ism 

ever  been            .Jt?  
every                  ^"~ 

examiner         

everybody       ^~\ 

examination    
example              

everything      .^"T^Tr^. 

60 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


exasperate-d"4  ?\ 
-tion 

excavate                  v. 

executor      •  —  a  
executory                   V  . 

(extensive-ly)  ....cT  
expensive-       .  cX-  •• 

excavation               ^O 

/ 

ness             Q. 
experience        ^^>      • 

—  f 

excavator                V 

-ary) 

(inexperience)  .7\  

except"*             \ 

PTPrr,'«><l                        0 

experienced      .A  

Q 
exception           ^s3 

C 
exhibit4            .>.  

(inexperienced)  ^^  

9 
exceptionable  ...S^V.. 

-y            Q  (~ 

exceptional       \J  .... 

C 

exhibitor         ..^N  

defendant's     JL  

°\ 
experiment2        ...V--,    . 

ex       /• 
experimental-ly  .  ..V>  .... 

-ly               _p 
exchange-d"            / 

exhibit 
plaintiff's  ex-  §^.  

experimentation  .!JS*p  . 

exchangeability     /\    .. 

hibit             ^ 
exhibition        ..^r.  

experimenter    \^-~^~^ 

exchangeable       r/ 

exhibitive           ^ 

expert 

Y? 
exchanger           .    .A  

exorbitant-ance 

°\ 
(separate)        °N. 

exclaim1             <°    s-  > 

expansion           .^77^.... 

(spread)            ^V 

0      i 

expect2                 \ 

1 

(support)         ...X<C..  . 

exclamatory     «"....<—/ 

expectance        ,\p 

expert  testi-         

exclude4            <s.  
(seclude)         

expectancy     ...S\  
expectant           \ 

mony              5    > 
expert  wit-       .     
ness                 e 
expertly 

<°- 
(skilled)          <2-.. 

expectation      \ 

(separately)     9^/..  

(scaled)           £_  
(schooled)       

Q   U 
(exception)      .\J  

expectedly        \^     ~ 

expertness            
explain'-ation  ^  

exclusion         <°  ")  

o 

expedience               • 

explanatory     /^V  ... 

(seclusion)            _ 

o 
expediency                 ) 

licable 

f°     } 
exrJusivp-ly         10  _o 

0 

expedient-ly             5 

<? 

expenditure         —  R 

13 
explicatory       >,     ..      ., 

excuse 

\    ) 
expense               X 

explicit                  f 

Q  —  6 

excusable-v     . 

Q 
exoensive-lv    ..X..... 

WOKD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS                    6 

explicitness         ./?P.  

(suppression)  °\ 

family 

explode1              !>x  
<?  1 

expressionless     \3 

fault 

—  P 

exploder             .\j  
'  nA 

extemporaneous  trrN.  . 
-ly-ness            p 

faulty                 ..^1  

exploit  (voc.) 

extension                0 

favor-ed1           .^N  

<TJ  A 

p 

exploitation     .A?  

extensive-ly        ....A  

(favorite)        ....*S-c>^... 

(voc.)            o> 
explore-d           ..\  
-ation             o> 

explorable       ..\  

O 

o  v^ 

(expensive-ly)  .  .  .^V.  

extensiveness      ....dL  •. 

,    "U 

favorable-y     ..^v  

^ 

favorableness  ...^   ... 

i      ^ 

exploratory     ,^v~\  

extinguish-ed          ^~*^ 

feature 

-ment 

t 

explorer           X^.  

extinguishable     .S—  "\. 

_n       ^ 

feel 

explosion          A3  

extinguisher        STT^) 

(fall)                y-  

tt 

explosive         ...»  

extrahazardous  (j^.D 

(follow) 

explosiveness  ..^XD^.. 

extraordinary  .        

fell 

ex  post  facto      ^».... 

extraordinari-  

felt                     <L 

V_ 

ly 

express              ...So  

extravagance    .^  

fellow                   .S-/C  

(suppress)        °\- 
(surprise)         

-ant 

extravagancy  fl.... 

extravagantly..1"!..^.  ... 

fellow  citizen       .sx  J  
fellow  country-  .S-ArT7'. 

expressage       ^>o. 

extravagant-   ^  

man                 .     z~ 
fellow  creature    \J.  

ov  ' 

expressible       ....^  

ness             V 
extreme               ...TT!^.  

fellow  feeling      .S/..S>. 

expressive-ly  .^v>  
(\^^- 

extremely            ..^7^  

fellowship            Ss/^f..,. 
t 

expressly         ..  jj.  

extremity            kr^... 

fill'                      ._  

u. 

expressman       -^$~~~^s  • 

eye-witness 

(flow)               .'sC.  

t\ 
(express            ^  .... 

F 

fireman                ,N-s.  

wagon)        ex 

J 

expressed             >i  

fact                    .^  

(foreman)        .S>*rrr^.. 

(suppressed)   9\^.  

fail1                     ^  

first                   .O.  

expression         .../SO  

failure               \  

first-class         0-  —  °  . 

(separation)    .  .\3 

fall                       ,>..     . 

first-rate          .(f...  

62              STANDAR 

firstly              ^  
follow"                .S/.  
fool                  ^ 
(foul)               ..V.  
footstep                
for                     .Ss- 
foreman              ,:svrr^.. 
(fireman)         ..^x.  
forlorn                 .Y  
form-ed            ...^ 
(offer)             '.J  
former             ,.!\~..., 
formerly          .....Y7T... 

DIZED  REPORTING  S 
foundation       
foundryman          ./"..... 
(f  oundrymen)  .  .../-I1..... 

HORTHAND 
generalized       .(/  
generation        .^  
gentleman 

free-hearted-       ...;>\_p... 
ness                 ^\ 
frequency           ....J  

T\ 

frequent"*1 

J 

gentleman- 

like             <Z_ 

gentlemanly    ..  ^  

gentlemen        ...J  

gentlemen  of  iJ/  ../... 

the  jury    ^    / 
geographical-ly  ...J....^  

geography 
gesture              u  
give-n 

Friday               

Friday  morn-    .^^^T. 

ing 
from                  ^-  — 

froward                  \ 

full-y                .^J^... 
full-blooded    0 

(common)       .^  . 
(giver) 
(governor)       £  
glory                 f.  
(glow)            c__  
glorification    <—\  
glorify-ied1      c__^  
glorious            c  o  
gloriously       c—^... 
go                       i 
(oh) 

fullness            (\^.  .^s^ 
fundamental-ly  .k3~5  
fundamentality  .So^-a... 
furhish-ed^      ^  
furniture          .T\  

G 

general             J  
general  assem-  .  .  y    .. 

(freely)           
formless          ...  .Y.  
formlessness    ...  j/O... 
formal-ly          ...  .j  
formalism        .  .  o~x  .  .  . 
formality        ...Jj  
informal-ly      )  
informality              1  1 

bly                  .i-N 
generalissimo  .c/Y_^  

generality       .y/ft,  
generally          J(..  
generalship     ..J}.  
generalization  05  
generalize        .</..  

forth                   .S^  
forthcoming        .S^.,  
forthwith             S-j  
fortunate            .>*_  
fortune                .Sv^  

godlike                .. 

goes                  ..b  

good                  .____  

good-man-'      
nered            "^^ 

AYoKD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


63 


good-natured  

H 

(ordinary) 

good-natur-     ^... 

habeas  corpus  <^    ^j  — 

hard-headed 

edly           c-=^f 
gorgeous             ...»  

had                   .1 

hard-hearted  

(courageous)    .  .  .  £  

1 
half                  Vc. 

hard-hearted- 

govern                 —  5> 

ness                >, 
harden            ^ 

(cover)            —  ^  
(rnvprpd)            ,    ^ 

half-breed        \..^  
half-hearted     ^ 

harder                
hardest 

government        _  .$?>.... 
governmental     _  S~f... 
governor                 a 

half-hearted-  .^  
ness                Ti_9 
half-price        \<^.  

half-witted      V 

hardly             .^/^.  
(ordinarily)     
hardness 

governor-gen-     __fut^.. 
eral                           .^ 
governorship             ? 

halfway          \^.  
handkerchief       ~^-    -J.. 

hardship         ._..  
hardware         ._,...  ..,..*.. 

gravity 

i/ 
handwriting 

hardwood 

Great  Britain     <r~"\ 

(in  writing) 

has 

crorervman              x 

happen             \ 

o 
has  his 

/> 

(grocerymen)  c  —  ^'  . 

groundwork        ....,T~~.. 
(ground  wire)             . 

happening       .'V.  
happenings     .\..  
happy               \ 

O 

has  it                  

has  thr 
have                  .....v  

gubernatorial             "X"' 

hapless           \  /^° 

he                      / 

gullt-y 

(hopeless)       \  /^ 

hoadi'iartprs  £\         r> 

guiltily                (. 

(haply)           \/^ 

hear                   ....  

guiltiness        rT^TrrrT... 

(aptly)            ^T.  

hearer             ....Vx  
hearsay 

gymnastic         /_ 

happiest          \_ 

heard                .^  

A-^j- 
(domestic)       Urr^__. 

gymnastic  exer-  /......_ 
cise                 ^~?r~^ 

happiness        V  

hard                  ^  

heaven              .So  
heavenliness    So^n? 

64              STANDARD 
heavenly         Ss>/?... 
heavenward    .>o^  
held 

IZED  REPORTING  Si 
hereupon        .  V  

V 

herewith         ...s  
/\S" 
hereditarily         £..  

/I 
heredity              £.  

herein               ...,r  
heritage              .<?!.  
hers                  .  d  

herself              cOCN- 
•^ 

high-water          
high-water  mark.  ...  .  .\rr.  . 
him                   ./  
himself             ^-73  
hired 

IORTHAND 

holier               ./ 
£ 

hoUness           .v^~-?.... 

homeopathist      .\_^.  ... 

A- 
homeopathy-ic    ...    x  

hope1 

hopeless           N/^ 
hopelessly       ..Vj1™ 
hopelessness    .V.    ^  . 

hopeful-ly         \ 
\s 

hopefulness     \V__Q-- 
hospital         £  
hotel                       <?f.    .. 

house 

C        o 

houses 
&        O 

house  and  lot  .  y^  

(s 

both  houses     \  
in  the  house     ~~r. 

in  the  other     TTi  
house                Vo 
household        ..J[. 

'householder     .^4  
housewife        ..JL  
housework       ^P~~ 
how 

(hold)               C 

help                    /^\.... 
helper                 i£      \ 

(labor)             /^\ 

helpful-ly            /    \i 

helpfulness  //vj-JP/CN^ 
helplessness        L.\jQ. 
hence                >-~P  
henceforth      V~-R 

henceforward  >^J^  
her                     ^  
here                  
hereabout        ...S.  
hereafter         ...^.  
hereby            ...v^  
hereinafter      ...X  

hereinbefore    .  ,.\  ..... 

V 
hereof             ....:  

hereon 

his 

...                    O 
his  has 

his  is 

hold                   f 

(held) 
holden            ^/^  
holder              f.. 

stockholder     @.  
holiest               .^.  
holy                  ,.../f....  .. 
Holy  Ghost      /~^ 

Holy  Scrip-     ..J?.  
ture              ' 
Holy  Spirit      /^ 

hereto 
heretofore       ./L..  
hereunder       .S-rr-r-<.. 
hereunto         ...  .>-i  . 

howsoever       ,g     
however            .V^  
hundred            ^  

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


65 


hundredth       .•**>.(.  

hundred  thou-.^.  
sand                 V 
hundred  thou-..>-*  
sandth             \ 

ignorantly       ^..  

imperfection       .     \jJ 

illegitimacy              j. 

imperfectly         ....\3S.. 
imperfectness      ^Ajr^.. 
imperturbability  "TT^Vv.  . 
imperturbable-yT^S/A. 
importance-t  

illiberal-ly-ity     

(elaborate)      f 

weight              1 
hundredfold    >-<^  

husband  and       ^^....... 
wife                   y 
hypnotic            

(labored)        .    {, 

illuminate-dd       ./£.  
-ation               ^    s 
imagination      ./.  

imaginative      .../.  
imap^native-   ../ 

(immediate) 

•                 Xo    *• 
hypnotism          

impossible-y 

hypnotist           ..f5  

-ility            ^^J 
impoverish-ed1 

\ 

ness            v-^"£> 
imagine'-ary    ..I....,  

imaginable        / 

-ment 
impracticable     ^TTTv.... 
-y-bility 
rmpracticable^c\.  
ness              -^"^^ 
impregnability   ....\_i^. 

impregnable-y    .\__.... 

impregnate-d"*1  ...A__.. 
-tion               ^^Vs 
imprisonment     .           .. 

hypochondria-c  .&.  

hypodermic-ally  c* 

hypodermic     .<^U  
injection          /' 
hypothecate-dd  ...r  
-tion                   Js 
hypothecator      ..^">\... 

•yf 

hypothetic-al-ly   r!. 

(material-ly)  x           .. 

immateriality     .^  
immeasurable-y           J 

(measurable)  .!}.,.. 
immediate 

(impress-         ^r^-- 
ment)          /_v^ 
improbable-y          ...\... 

hypothetical            .s!.... 

question 

I 

-ility               ^~*\ 
improper             

s*i 

improperly         

immediate-     ...Trrr..... 

impropriety        T\. 

improve-d"1      srr*  
-ment 

improvable      .^r^..  ... 

identical-ly         .j  

ness             s~~^ 
immodest                 

-—  ^t> 

ignominiously     .7.7.. 

inaccurate          

inaccurately       ....(... 

impassable-ility    "^^V- 

inactive-ity        

ignorant           

imperfect            -Si 

inadvisable-y      ^.. 
-ility 

66 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


(invisible)          .^ 

inconsidera- 

indeterminate     .    n 

tion                —  'P 

inapplicable       *r~^.  

inconsistency      Y  

—i  r 
indeterminately  ..  U1  

-ility 
inapplication      ^~\^  ... 

~l\ 
(inconstancy)  X.... 

,  Y- 
indetermination  R  
J  —  i 

inasmuch            ?-£.  

inconsistent        

indifference-t      "... 

•—••) 
inauspicious-ly   .     ,\..... 

s  ^  p 

(inconstant)    ~. 

(endeavor)      ~~1  

-ness 
incalculable-y     !*7?TTV.... 

(insistent)       ..Y.  

—  i 

indifferently       V/T.. 

incapability        '....  ..X... 

(unsustained)  s—p  

indignant-na-           

incapable            X.. 

inconsistently     /$  .. 

tion                  ^  —  / 

indignantly         '  . 

incendiarism       <r~^.- 

(inconstantly).  ..  /?„.. 

~  —  1 
indignity             !  

incombustible     !>i.... 

(insistently)    ./?•„  

indirect               1  

-ility                >  
income                

( 
incontrovertible  .^.  .  . 

indirection          \j 

incompatibility  \...  • 

incorporation      

indirectly            I/.. 

incompetence-t       _  

incorrect              .^. 

—  n 

indirectness        ....J._p  ... 

incompetency     '  

incorrectly          

indiscriminate    

-  ^ 

p 

-ation                0 

incomprehensi-   „£,.. 

incorrectness       

(insignificant)  .... 

ble-ility            v_x 
incomprehen-      ....  ^>.... 

incredibility        X.. 

indiscriminately  .  .     ( 

sion                 ^_p 

inconsequence     _....". 

incriminate-d2     

indispensable-y  ^\  

o 

-ation 

^? 

(indiscrimi-     

indefatigable-y   .^  

indispensable-     .^,V  . 

nate)           ._p 

\ 

ness               -—  i  ^ 

(insignifi-        

indefatigable-      ^—  v^v-  ••• 

indistinct             . 

cance-t)            p 

ness                        X> 

inconsequent      

independent       ."**^  

(induced)        .—I  

inconsequen- 

independently     ^^^-... 

(introduced)  •—  -rr\.. 

tial-ly               <¥ 

9  —  t 

0 

inconsiderable-y  ..."  

indescribable-y  ...X.  

(noticed)         ^  

inconsiderate       f 

(inscribable)    .v... 

—  \      ^ 
indistinctly         ,f.  

(unconsider-    ....    \  
ed) 
inconsiderately    %^~  

indestructibility  ._.*  

-A 

indestructible-y  ...A  

(unjust)          *-~4  
(unjustly)        -^.. 

Inconsiderate-     J_p  
ness 

^-ix. 

indeterminable     \\     
\ 

—  \-9  ( 
indistinctness     .    

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


67 


indistinguish-              X 

inexplicable-y 

information 

able                 ^ 
individual-ly 

inexplorable       7^  

(inflamma- 

inexplosive          \p 

informer                     \^ 

individualistic 

d5  ^~ 

inexpressible-y    7\»  

^N    A 
infrequence 

*\_ 

inexpressive         Np 

(unfurnished)          0 

-^i 
indivisibility          ^"^  N 

inextinguish-       TITTT^    ... 

infrequency        ,        J  . 

indoctrinate             r 

able-y              —  ^5* 
infantrymau       

infrequent          

indulge-d-ence-t  >^  . 

(infantry-         

infrequently       .(... 

•y  7 

(indigence) 

men)          .  
infprt                         >» 

(unfriendly)    —  ^  . 

*w 
(indigent)        ..~.  

(intelligence)  .J.  

infer-  red"d-ence  .>*„... 
(inform)                  1 

inglorious          >rri__o  . 
ingloriously    •  —  <....^.... 

(intelligent)     ..t?  

(involve)               ^~ 

indulgently         ..+j  

inferential-ly          Ss^, 

inhabit-ed 

indulger              ..       \^  . 

infinitesimal-ly        \5  —  v 

inefficiently-cy    ..     .      A 

inflammation 

inhabitant 

inevitable-y        SH,  .. 

(information) 

inhabitation 

-ility               .    1 
(unavoidable         si 

-y)          ~,x 

inevitableness         v..  .. 

inflppf                         \ 

*~t 

injustice                  o 

K 

inexact                

inflict 

(unj'ust)                 •.  4 

inexactly             .ST. 

influence 

^9   V 
inkstand                 " 

inexactness 

influenced 

^.^^v     /^^ 

inexcusable-v 

influential 

inobservance             {$ 

inexpansible    '   ~?.    \.. 

(initial) 

inobservant          ^S 

inexpensive        ..TT.V... 

inform-ed            J... 

inorganic 

inexperience       " 

informal-ly         !;.. 

inorganization 

inexperienced    ^ 

informality         .1  . 

inorganized         

68 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


(unorganized)  ^__^^_,  . 
inquire-y             .^... 
inquirer 

insitutional 

T 

institutive          '."!7TT.......  . 
instruct2                 1   . 

intemperate  7~i-rx.... 
interchange-d'd  ^~~^/  .. 
interchange-  /C 

inscribe-d1        

9-D 
inscription       

inscriptive        

instruction      .  ]j  
instructive      ..L...U.... 
instructively    I//'  AJ 

ability                       X 

interchangeable  ~~~^  ... 

interchangeable-"^  .  .  .  .T/v. 
ness 
interest 

insecure-d1 

a,        I 
instructive-  U-P  \J_p 

interfere-d 

(unsecure)     ^T^TT-N. 
insecurely              X" 

ness                     n, 
instructor        I... 

insubordinate 

-ence 
interjection         ^~~^~t>. 

intermediate 

insecurity           a     1 

-ation              ^^v  /• 

insubordinately          {  . 

intermediately 

insignificance 

—  e  ; 

insufficient-ly-cy      ^"^ 

internal-ly 

-ant                 p 
(inconse- 

insurance 

internal  im- 

quence)       ^p 
(indiscrimin- 

insurance 

provement         -/V 
internal  rev- 

ate)              ^~-Si~3 
insignificancy      /.. 

company      i 
fire  insurance  .  ^~~x  ^, 

enue                ^^ 
international-ly 

insignificantly     I. 

life  insurance  ....J!!^r? 

(national-ly)         /^~ 

insolvency          

inspect-ed2-tion  A,.... 

"—  R 

(inception)      \J.. 
inspector            ..-~~_v 

intangible-y        ..."^rf... 
intellect-ual        

intellectuality     
^^  s 
intellectually 

interrelated  «*/:... 
interrelation  ^-  —  rr^L/..  .. 
interrogate  --  —  ~<^—..... 
interrogation  ^  .^ 

install                 ...  
installment         ...^*  

intelligence         .</  
intelligencer         </.  

(indication)  
interrogative  ^^^^  ^ 

instant 

instinct 

intelligent           .."2?  
intelligently          *\}/~ 

(indicative)  
interrogatory 

i  "  —  ff*~\ 
instinct  ive-ly   .„  V- 

•—  ft 

institute             ".  

institution          .^\  ..  .. 

intelligible-y       ,Y  . 
intelligibility       /V  . 
intemperance      t-rs. 

interrogator  ^—  .  —  - 
interruptedly  —  —  ~\( 
interurban  i. 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


69 


interval               

irrelevancy         .Tv   Vo 

judge  advocate      / 

(interview)     ^-rrrrr^.. 

irrelevant            .JY^  

L-l 

jurisdiction               *** 

—  1 
intimidate-d'd     ^  

(relevant)        .(S.  . 

jurisprudence         7 

^-T> 
intoxicant 

irreparable-y           \x 

oC^ 
jury  (in  phrases)         "1 

intoxicate2 

irreprehensible    .     x\ 

iurv-box            /X" 

intoxication        
introduce           ~         1 

irrespective        .JX  
NO 

irrespectively          d^     ., 

juryman          ..L^?..... 
(jurymen)    //^ 

introduction       U 

1 

mtroductive        vj 

S      ^ 
irresponsibility     .^V.  

irresponsible-y    ....rv.  ... 

tell  the  jury     .U  
court  and  j"ry        n 

introductory       .        I/ 

V\ 
irresponsive        .    °Ny 

gentlemen  of  .  /  fj/  .  . 

invertedly           ^r^/^... 

—  i 

investigation            v^> 

irreverent-ly       !^V\_. 
-ence 
is~hls 

the  jury       ll/f 
justice  of  the       .  .  .  .°^Ni.  • 
peace 
juvenile              / 

involuntarily      .  ...jp/7.. 

0 
is  as  —  is  his        

J 

juxtaposition      ..  °\-.. 

involuntary 

0 

is  it 

involve-d"d 

is  there 

kalcidoscope-ic       ™      . 

(in  evidence)  .^^V.... 
(novel) 

It                         J  
item 

kindhearted-       ..T^LS..  • 
ness                  
kingdom 

involvement       .      ^^"^ 

A-^ 

itemized 

(common)       

Q^' 

in  writing 

its                        L. 

knowledge               /  

(unwritten)      a~~~-/  ... 
IOU                    ^ 

itself                 .v.J^L. 

L 

laboratory           /^     .. 

J 

January               / 

(library)             (.. 

^W^ 

irreconcilable-y  ?....>  
irrecoverable-y   .J  —  v.. 
irrcgular-ity           ' 

C_^ 

jeopardize           /^  

jeopardy             ./.  
joint-stock 

landlord              ..-.  
landmark           ^^^  
language 

irregularly           ..A—/'. 

joint-stock  com-  ~^~... 
pany 

(thing)             ^.. 

70 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


large                  / 

leaseholder         .       .  .  .. 

life  insurance       ...^7!r^ 

largely             l/~~ 

left-hand            (., 

lifelong                 ^^""-*/  . 

largeness         ../    ... 

(right-hand)    .  v  

light-hearted-     ...>^  

larger                 9 

left-handed         <] 

ness                 /  ^ 
liken-ed"4            

largest               / 

left-handedness  (..  ~-—  -^ 

Ukewise               

larynx              S~\ 

legislation           /    (j 

linguist                

•^                              f   ~')QjfV 

last-mentioned     /6~?> 

legislative           C..  L  (<J 

linguistic             

_ 

laundryman 

legislative  body  /  (j^fJ 

link                       

(laundrymen) 

legislature          (  1    .  . 

lithograph-y-ic   ......  

lawyer 

(legislator)      i  Q 

live  (v-hook)      ..  '... 

(liar)                      \ 

legitimacy                j 

(leave)           

lawyerUke                 — 

length-y              ^_*r  , 

locomotive  en-   (....„..  

lead-pencil         i\ 

length  of  t'TlC  ~^f 

gine                   y 
locomotive  en-   f.      ..'... 

learn                /_,.  

^V^ 

(longtime)      .->  —  -rrr^. 

gineer                 J<—  - 
locomotive  fire-  (.....  .^x. 

learned            f 

lengthen             •~*—j 

man                  ~  —  t- 
locomotor  a-      t.  

(loan)              ( 

\> 
lengthily             **—*r  ^. 

taxia 

long                   .>—  *  

(loaned)          /A. 

lengthiness          •**_* 

long-distance  ^_p, 

(learnt)           C  

lengthways            ^^,'      • 

long-headed    .-^^..  

Cent)              (^ 

lengthwise          .    *^^N 

long-suffering  ^_P 

learned  coun-  L..  .. 

liability              f....^.  

long  time          .>«-<rrrs. 

learnable        (   \ 

liberty 

(length   of      .>—  •<  

(loanable)       ^  N  \ 

x 

liberty  of          ..„?  .  .. 

time) 

longhand         >~**'.... 

learnedly        f.. 

speech          c\  \ 
liberty  of  the      ^\ 

longingly         >^xs  .  .  . 

(lonely)           fc...  

lieutenancy        <C^!)  

longshore-       ^—  »f)  

learner           (      }    . 

lieutenant-colo-  (Or.  

man                  -*~~^ 
long-sighted-   ^^P 

leasehold            ....... 

nel                   /^\ 
life  estate              ..../T.... 

ness                -^-9 
longer               >  <<. 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


71 


longest 

magnanimity 

manufacturer      TS^. 

longevity            i 

magnanimous     

manufacturing   ...^  .... 

c~* 

longitude-inal 

^~^~^ 
magnanimously             s- 

company 
manuscript 

-ly                    ^ 
Lord 

"*^*ft 

major-general            / 

mark                  

Lord's  day         | 

(/,  —  j 

majority 

marked 

lorded              ~^\ 

maladminis-        .     ^~\ 

marked  price 

lordliness 

tration       _     c~~s\     • 
malconstruction       U 

^\ 
market 

lordly              

malevolent-ly-ce  .Si^. 

market-house      .yj!... 

lordship            ^J 

malform-ed"1^       .           \ 

market-place         

low-water           /" 

malformation       0 

market  price       

low-water  mark  (^  s 

malignant-ly-cy 

market  value 

lukewarm            x 

^"1 

malignity            '  ... 

market  value  of 

lumberman       /_  
numbermen)  (.., 

malpractice        .^-ri^N^ 
manager             .^7^1.  

the  property  ^~^TV 
marketable         ^\ 

marketableness  -.... 

lumberyard     I  ...  .         ' 

"  —  ~9 
(major)            /  

'-NO 

marksman          

lymphatic            s^^. 

lymphatic  glands/^^xl 

the  company      ~* 
manhood 

married 

lynx 

T 

(humanity)     .          T1 

.s-v 

married  man 

S*~f 
lynx-eyed                   ' 

manifestation     S^o. 

Massachusetts          7 

manlike              

master  in  chan- 

O 

machine 

manner1            K._J...  .. 

try            .^^-s_ 
materia  medica  

o_ 

machine  gun       .  .  ...  .  .-1  . 

mannpri<;m       <^_p  —  ^ 

material-ly         

machine  shop 

mnnnerlinpss    c^-/x 

(immaterial 

"y 

machinery           ,..„... 

L_s> 

mannerly         CL^^ 

•    •    <**"  —  *•/ 
materialistic       

*D 

machinist            . 

'        s 

manufactory       ..^(.  

materiality         

magistrate          .^t.  

<^N 

manufacture-d    ^.... 

mathematical-ly  '"J.  .  . 

72 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


mathematics      ."T77!  

million  (after 

Vo 
(methods)       ."TT^  

menstrual           JK 

figures)            s^->~^ 
minimum 

maximum           

menstruate         ^7¥  .... 

minister-ed                 \ 

(maxim)          

^-3> 
menstruation           U 

(monster) 

(minimum)     

mental-ly         s^> 

(monstrous)          " 

meantime           

mental  condi-  ^p 

ministerial-ly             \ 

(in  the  mean-  TTT?T?77!Tt 

tion                \j 
mentality        ^rr^jl.... 

ministration        ' 

time)           '""C-x 
meanwhile          

mention1          /rrr^j  

ministry                         . 

measure1           ...0  

(motion)          ^^~f>>  

minstrel              ....    ..  ... 

measurable-y     9 

mentionable    *•  —  -x 

minstrelsy 

measureless     .  ^-o   •• 

mercenarily      <?"~^_</^ 

minute  book          .7S  —  .. 

measurement     0  

mercenariness  ^~^^^^> 

misapplication      *\  ^  .  .  . 

•^ 

mechanic-al-ly    

mercenary          <^~~Jx^ 

misapprehend    

mechanics 

merchandise       'f^ 

-ed-"                ^^ 
misapprehen-          ^\  • 

mechanics  lien    .^?.. 

(stock  of  mer-  '.. 

sion                         5 
misarrange         /frrrtfT/... 

mechanism      s  —  -     j<  —  •v 

chandise)               * 
merchantlike     ^  —  -~y^— 

-d^-ment 
misbehave-d"''     .'     f^... 

medulla,  oblon-    x"«/* 

mercy               (s~~&  •• 

-ior 
miscalculate-d4 

gata                cv 
member             \ 

merciful-ly      <^"  "x   . 

(miscall) 

merciless-ly     <Z~~o 

.  —  g*        -, 

f^B    C  < 

mischievous-ly   ..£.  

membranous           >^_P 

mercilessness  ^~5)/O 

mischievous-       rTTrr?.. 

memorable-y              \ 

metropolitan          

ness                  ^-^ 
miscomprehend  .....^  

microscope 

-ed2                 -  —  e^ 
(misprint)       

microscopic        

TNB 
miscomprehen-  .cj..... 

milkman 

sion                 '~~*\ 
misdemeanor      

memorize            *r^>/..... 

(milkmen) 

(homicide) 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


73 


misdirect2           1  

-—  6] 

misdirection        Jj..... 

misform-ed~d       .\.. 

'  —  "P 
misfortune          Xy... 

(/ 
misgiving         ^~  "... 

misgovernment-r^—ST?? 
misinform-ed~d    0 

misinformation  

•^~&~y\ 
mismformer        l^,. 

-      ?)<u     1 

misinstruction    (j.. 

misjudge-d"d        y.  
-ment                  /   / 
misrecollect-ed"d  s~7&...... 

misrecollection    .^TT^..... 
(mybestrec-  ^?  

monkey-wrench  ^^^. 

monstrosity        ...P....  
1  *~~& 

monstrous 

municipal  court  ^7.. 

municipality       \.. 

-  —  o 
myself               

morning 

N 
nature               .^  

near                  

in  the  morn- 

ing               ( 

this  morning    ^  a 

mortgage-d"d 

nearly              ..  .....    ... 

(chattel  mort- 

necessary         sJ?.  
necessarily      ^Q/..... 
neglect-ed"d        .v  •^^r. 
neglectable     -^^77-^... 
neglectful-ly      ^-^^~~~>. 

gage)           j-Z  —  " 
mortgage  deed  I 

mortgagee           . 

c  ^ 

mortgagor            :.. 

motion-picture    ^rr-^  
movement 

neglectfulness  —  •rrrr\0 
negligence         -»—  <  —  o.. 

negligent-ly       ••  —  «•-      . 
(guilty  of  neg-.?!Tr  Y 

moving  picture  .....^....... 
mountebank 

ollection)             s> 
misrepresent       /rT3^...\ 

-ed'd                     /, 
misrepresenta-  <r?l...\3 
tion                  '"~^\ 
misspeak             ... 

Mr.                   ^...^ 

much                ..l  

mucous  mem->  —  ,g^<v 
brane                     _"^ 
multifarious        jer^L^. 

multifariously  -^s^y 
multifariousness-^j^\.^p 
multiform           .srr?/^.. 
multiplication     ^-^s^ 
multitude            ,  —  /" 

ligence)        c^ 
(guilty  of  con-  /I^rro.. 
tributory  neg.) 
negotiable-ility  ^~A^.. 

negotiate-d1        ~!*-J*-  
-tion                ^    J 
(accomplish             .  .. 

(misspoke)       ^\ 

-TX 
misspoken                   ;j> 

mistranscrip-      ..STT^X... 

tion 

misunderstood.^^       a 
modest 

-ed-ment) 
negotiator           .**-js.  

neighborhood        —  ^\  . 

(in  the  neigh-  
borhood  of) 
neutral-ity          ../.... 

never                  .>  —  *.  
nevermore       v^^.   

^ 
modestly         (  

modesty          ....!  

multitudinous    .^r^-^ 
municipal-ly 

Mohammedan-  

ism                '—-^r~x 

74             STANDARD 
nevertheless        ^^  

(unfortunate)  ,:!!!js_,.. 

-ly)                      7 
new                   >—  <  

(now)               .    .. 

IZED  REPORTING  SH 

non-discovery           J    -> 
non-efficient        ;^f... 
non-essential       \^ 
non-member       \ 

non-performance  \x 
non-production  A 
non-productive  \. 

—  -f\  A 

non-proficiency  „  

non-resem-          d^>. 
blance             ^ 
nondescript        7T^  .N. 

nonentity           ^,  —  <o.... 
nonsense             
(incense)          •  —  A-? 

ORTHAND 

northern              
northward           ^ 
northwardly       
northwest           Jfc.. 
northwester        /~~^^  . 
northwesterly     .    '~>)(.. 
northwestern        "^*&.... 
northwestward    ^^^^. 

newspape  r          ^~_&  
next                  .>-*=?  
nextday          .^-_c  
nextdoor        ....^o  ... 
next  question  ^9  _^ 
next  time      —  p^jy^^ 
next  week       -  _p      .  .  . 
no  one                *—<.„./.. 
nobody               .s—-^.... 
(anybody)       

north  west  ward-^"^X/'.  . 

ly 

notary  public      >—  \ 

nothing               ....>... 
(enough)          !TTV_... 
nothing  else        >  ,.  
nothing  less        ,.b*^..~ 
nothingness        —  ,.... 
notwithstand-     .^  

notwithstand-     ,Ji  
ing  the  fact 
November          .^^T^V.... 

now                   >  —  \  
nowadays           .•  —  
nowhere              .>  —  t/.... 
(anywhere) 

nomination         .. 

(incensed)       ^~Si-tf... 
(innocence)     
(nuisance)       ....^SLJ>. 

(animation)     
nominator                 .„! 

non-acceptance        ~~^s> 

(north)            „  
northeast 

non-acquaint-   ~—  jxrs^r. 
ance             —  ~  —  *\ 
non-appearance  

noncommission-     ^°^ 

(nearest)                 .    .  . 

northeaster         )  
northeasterly            1 

ed  officer         -_^_s\ 
non-conformity               l 

number-ed"*    .^  

(brother)         .*V  
(member)        ..\  
numberless     .c>wr?.... 

non-contribut-    .  ..    .rk... 

northeastern            1  

non-delivery       V?.. 
non-develop-               \\ 

i/o^ 
northeastward       .7) 

<i-^Lx-- 
northeastward-  ry... 

ment 

WORI 
0 

o 

)  SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 
(abstain)         V.... 
obstinately          ...\Br  
obstruct2             .Ste  
obstruction         /.V  
(abstraction)      \ 

ACTIONS                 7; 

(oppression)    .<\..... 

<x      VJ 

operative          .       

•1  
object"*1  (v)        \ 

operator           ....?V  

object  (n)        ..\  
objected  to     !\.l  . 
objection          .>O  
objectionable  .\V  
objective           ..o 
objectively      .^/!  
objectiveness  .^-«  
objectivity      ..!S  

<  ' 

objector          .X  
obligation        .     So 

(application)  .^  
obnoxious           ••"ix3  
obnoxiously        ..^rri_. 

\_f; 

obnoxiousness     .-..^77..... 

0<L_P 

observable-y       ,j}j/7\.. 
observance         .^^.... 
observatory        .„!£.  

observe-d1          .^^  
-ation              .      / 
observer             _V-  
\ 
observingly        ?#?..  

obstetrics           .^S^...^.. 
obstinacy            ...JT  
obstinate            .^P.. 

opinion            .    .  

(point)            .„  

v  \ 
obstructionist     .V  .  .  .  ._  .  . 

obstructive         ^^»  
obstructiveness  Xj, 

opinionated    ..r  

(pointed)        .r  
opportunity       

CP 

obstructer           ^V. 

occur1               ,^  }. 
of 

foDDortune) 

(orettv)               \ 

oppression        .<N^.  

.:.../„ 

often                 ^o 

(even)             
oh 

ordinance                 a   .. 

(ordnance)      

i  
(but)                i 

(writings) 

(go)                 ..I....-  
omnipotence       
omnipotency                  .) 

ordinary           ..?  

(hard) 

ordinarily        .  .  .  f  

omnipotent-ly     
omniscience-t 

(hardly)          .^c  
organ 

-ly 

on                    

organic           

onward 

organism 

oneself             .-z^ 

o 
open-hearted-     ..^\  
ness                 c\^-£> 
operate"*1 

^ 
organization           

organize           
organizer                :  .. 

operation 

(customer)       —  /^.... 

76 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


organized          
original                
(regional)        .£..  
(rich) 

over                  

<•>. 
overbalance     ...£  
c\o 
overburden     ....^\... 
-ed1             ^x     } 
overburden-    .     y^s 

owe 

(owed)             ~l  

owing  to  the   
fact              s^. 

owes 
b 

own                  
owned 

originality           ...-J-s.  
omament-al-ly    
ornamentation    
orthodox-y          .1  

some          ^     ^_^ 
overcame        

^N      -. 
overcareful      ....*  

-ly                 ^x 
overcharge      /  
-ed"1            V 
overcome        ....rrr.... 

overhang            ^^ 

owner 

ownership       
<z^y 

P 

Pacific                 ...J^..... 

Pacific  coast       /^  
Pacific  ocean       ..jP  

Northern  Pa-  _S  
cific                & 
Southern  Pa-  ...Ix.  
cific 
Union  Pa- 

-ic-ally           -^ 

overhaul     -     . 

osteopathic         0  ... 

overhauled      ...Jr..  
overhead         ..../I  

osteopathist         ^^> 

other                 .!N  
otherwise          /  *) 

overlook-edd 

overproduc-    .^\... 
tion              c^v    \j 
overproduc-    ^\.. 
tive            ^^ 
overstock-edd  

or  otherwise 

ought 

cific              ,     "\> 
pacification         Xp 

ourselves          ."^N  
out                    1 

overtake         

palpable-y-ility  ..\.  
palpableness       ....X^ 
paper-hanger      .'.Nv-"" 
parallel-ed"d      (X 

overtaken       ...'...  .^.... 

outbalance      .\  
outbalanced      \ 

overtax 

overtook         

s 

outgeneral       1.... 
outnumber      ..1.  

«N 

overvalua-      ....E.^... 
tion               <^O^^ 
overvalue1       ....\i;_... 

overwhehn1 

parallelism      .?\....... 

0    x 

parallelogramOy  .  .  .  .^. 
unparalleled    >w»\.« 
paraphernalia     .\^S.... 
parcel  post          .^X/T\v.. 
(parcels)          *\<7?..... 

N 

outspoken         \ 

"S 

outspoken-      ...\  
ness              *>v 
outward          ...\..!Sr?.. 

outwardly       ..\  ./^  

overwhebn-     ......    \_ 

ing  evidence  >^v  /  — 
overwork1       rf...... 

Ov 
overrule^          

WORD 

V 

(price  list)         ° 

SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS                    77 

pecuniarv             \               nemetual-lv        \/ 

part"1                t\. 

pedestrian               ^  .. 

(perpetuate)   .\/I'f...|.. 

(apart)            .°\  
participant         .^ 

pedestrianism     ^  
Pennsylvania  \V^>>-. 
people-d           \ 

persecution        \/ 

(prosecution)  ^\  ..  7^. 

participate2         ^\o 

o 
person                ..Sq.^.... 

(prisoner)          ^—  *• 

participation       ^Vi 

per  annum          ,**g?.  

V) 
participative       "Vi  

(per  cent  per  .\jjv^ 
annum)        o,      ^ 
perfect               \j 

(personal)       ..^o.>.... 
personal  estate   ..^.)... 
personnel            ..Xj^..,.. 
personification    .^^.j,,.., 
perspective            ^o   ... 

participator        ..r^x  
particular-ly  .\... 
(proper)           

(perfect)  (v)      \3 

perfectible      .\rx.... 

V 
(properly) 

perfectly            j&/Z 

C\i 

particularity        1 

perfection           \P 

(prospective)  .....>o.... 
perspicuity          .^.  

persuasible-y      .  .  No  
-ility                   \ 
persuasion       ...(a  

particularize   . 

c\ 
perform-ed-ance  .  .  .  .  Vv  .  .  .  . 

c\      ' 

performable          \~\ 

particularized  

(V 

particulariza-  ....  

<\   \ 
performer             \N    .  . 

tion 
parties               \ 

perhaps              £\J- 
(propose)        ^k  .. 

c\ 
persuasive              \5  

party                \ 

persuasory          ....3^.... 
perturbability          

party  of  the    \ 

first  part        <\ 
party  of  the     \^.  . 
second  part\      °"~^ 
pathologist          ../.  

/\ 

pathology-ic-al           ( 

(purpose)        ....\^.  . 

permanency        .  .Xrrr^  .  . 
c\        / 
permanent-ence  ...Xrr7>> 

(prominent) 

perturbable        .^X^  ..X 

petticoat            .N  —  
pettifog-gedd     \  

-ly              v     / 

patrol-led1          V].'... 
patrol  wagon      .^NT\  
peculiar-ity           \. 
peculiarly           !S  f.. 
pecuniarily          .V.  

petty  (petit)       ...No  
jury    _              ^yt> 

(preeminent)  ..XrTr;^^ 
permanently       .X-^-- 
permit-ted2         ..\~v  .. 

perpendicular     
-ly 

phenomenon              

-menal         V^y-~v_^ 
(phenomena) 

philanthropy  ..^.  

78 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


philanthropic  .f!  
-ally 
philanthro-      ..^.  
.    pist                   v 
photo-electric      ...y.  

photo-engraving  ^^-r1.' 
pickpocket         ..  .^~\. 

populate-dj         ..^v^.  ... 
portion              .A3  
position              ,? 

preconcertedly    ,.^.CY^.. 

predetermine-d1  \ 
-ation                <x—  >^T 
predominance     ...^^.. 

predominancy     ).... 
predominant-ly  "^.. 

rsv-  —  ;, 

predominate1      \... 
predomination 

(opposition)    .   *° 

possession        .^>  
possible-y         
possibility       ...^S..... 
postdate-d          .\p  
post-mortem      ^V^^^ 

post-mortem      ^v-rr-^.. 
examination 

poverty             .._  

practicability      .rsv^  ... 
practicable-y       *\ 

(pocketbook)  ...,^~r\ 

plaintiff            *$> 

plaintiff's  case  ^  —  a. 

plaintiff's         ^     /*~ 
counsel 
plaintiff's  ex-  ."^ 

preeminence       Xrr~^_p 
(permanence)  .  .A^r-^. 
preeminent         ;S*m^,.. 
(permanent)    .^V—  >y 
preeminently      >VT-^... 

(permanent-    .\^-r^/f 
ly)                 cv        ( 
preestablish-ed-"1  ^.  .  . 
-ment              <.      \ 
pregnancy           .  .\__i  ^  . 

pregnant             ..\_... 

prejudice-d"*1       SX. 
f\ 
preliminary      ...._  

preliminary              ~^ 

hibit 
plank                  \  •• 

platform             _.  
pleasure           .  ./ 

pleasurable-y  .  s.  

T 
pleasurable-    .^\^...... 

ness 
plenipotentiary  \  

pocketbook         ...^r:\... 
(pickpocket)    .  .  .  \  .. 

practicableness  .^V^.  ... 
practical-ly      .^  
(practicable)    *\ 

(practicality)  °\ 

\AS 

police  officer 

practicalness  .^  

practice—        .°V  
practise 

practices         .rV^.  

practised          .?v  
practitioner        *\ 

police  station 

examination  _ 
premeditate        .....^V>.. 
-ed'd 
premeditatedly  ..\-^. 

preparatory        .....\^.  .. 
prepare               ..\.....^ 
preponderance    \^... 

preponderance    .....\_... 
of  the  evidence        ^ 
(a  fair  pre.  of  !Sst\.  .... 
the  ev.)              V 

policyholder        ..JJ  . 

politest                ._  
polytechnic-al     ^*t^ 

popular-ity         ..  \v    . 

°\    sf~^\ 

prearrange-dl      

popularization          \. 

-ment              c\ 
precinct              ..„*!•£... 

preconcert-ed2    ....  °).  

popularly            ...^v     . 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


79 


preponderancy   . 
preponderant 
preponderate-d2 . 
preponderating- . 

iy 

preponderation  . 
< 

Presbyterian 

Presbyterian- 
ism 
prescribe  ....VTT7 

prescription        .~77\ 

(prosecution)  ...<X... 
cr 

(transaction)  ....f\... 

n    0\ 

(transition)     .*! 


prescriptive 

preserve-dl 

-ation 
preservative 

preservatory 

preserver 

prcternatural-ly 


pretty  (in  . 

phrases) 
(opportunity)  ._ 


pretty  clear 
(very  clear) 
pretty  clearly  . 
pretty  well  .^r~.... 
(very  well)  ...JL.... 
prettily  «  .% 


.....^_ 


(partly) 

prettier 
prettiest 
prima  facie 

prima  facie  evi- 

dence 
prima  facie  case 


principle-al 
-ly  <\ 

(proper)  ...,> 


\ 
6 


principles 

(appearance) 
privilege1  ....y! 

probable-y-ility  .....N 


probable  or  im- 
probable 
(proper  or 
improper) 

probate-d2 


probate  court 
problem 

(trouble) 
problematic 
problematical-ly. 
proclivity  . 

producer 

/          .     , 
(appraiser)      .. 

(purchaser) 
production          ,. 
(predication)  . 


c\  _  3 


..._ 

V) 

....„ 


(prediction) 

(protection) 
productive 
productively 
productiveness 
productivity 
professor 

professorship 
proficient-ly 
proficience-cy 
profit"1 

profitable-y     ..^\... 

^\A 

profitableness .\> 

profitless 

profiteer 
profligate 
prohibit-ed2 

(probate-d) 
prohibition 

(probation) 

(approbation) 
prohibitionist 
prohibitive 

(probative) 
prohibitory 
prolong-edd 


\\. 
.^X. 


80 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING 


prolongation 

prominency 

prominent-encc 
(permanent) 
(preeminent) 

prominently 

promissory  note 

promote2 
(permit) 

promotion 
(permission) 
(preemption) 

promptest 

proof 

proper 
properly 
(particular 

property 
(propriety) 

prophet 
prophetic 

proportion'11 

(appropria- 
tion) 
(preparation) 

proportionable 

-y 

proportional-ly 


.\L  ....... 


V 


proportionate 

proportionate- 
less 
proportionately 

propriety 

prospect2 

prospective         .  X. 

prospectively 

prospectiveness 

prospector 

Protestant 

Protestantism 

protraction 

(protrusion) 
protractive 
protractor 
prove 

approve 
proximity 
psychological-ly 
public-ly 
publication 
publicity 
publish 
published 
publisher 
punctuate-d2 


SHORTHAND 
punctuation 
punish-ment 
purport-ed2 

(prepared) 
purported  to  be 
purporting  to  be 
purports  to  be 
purpose 

(for  the  p.  of) 


.°\ 
** 


..\ 


Y 


(forthep. of    ..  v^. 

determining)       h 
(forthep. of    ..x^. ... 

having) 
(for  the  p.  of 

making) 
(for  the  p.  of 

showing) 
purposed 


WORD 
quarrelsome       .  . 

SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 
quickness            

CTIONS                      81 

realized             ,.V^  y.. 
(released)         
reappear              
reappearance      

reapportion-ed1    -Xw2 
-ment                   .    ^ 
(reparation)    /\.\/  . 

quarrelsome- 

quiet 

ly             ,  

quarrelsome-        <^~^. 

quietly                

ness               / 
quarter        —  *s  c 

quietness             Sss?. 
quietude                   .  ... 

(three-quar-    
ters) 
(headquar-  <2\  p 
ters)           C 
quarterly          c 

quit                    

quitclaim 

reargument         ../\  
rearrange-dl  •^fT,       • 

(quickly)         
quartermaster 

quitclaim                  '  . 

deed                 _ 
quite                 

-ment                    5L 
reasonable-y          ' 

quowarranto       

(unreason- 

(cross-section)  .  .  .  .":...  S.  .  . 
question11          3... 
myquestion    
your  question  ....(6  

inhisques-      
tion                 ~ 
what  is  the 

quorum               .<-  —  *rr* 
quoted               
quotation        Q.... 

R 
railroad                CxtT  « 

able-y)          A,, 
reasonable  cer-   ?..]... 
tainty                   £ 
reasonable  doubt  .  . 

(beyond  a  reas. 

doubt)        ^\_ 
reasonable  mar-     ^~\. 

ket  value             t? 
reasonable  value       ^  . 

railroad  com-      lS\— 
pany                       , 
railway              .LS..  

read  (present 

reasonableness        — 

question 
questionable   _.... 

questionable-         Js^ 
ness 
questioner       .^.... 

questionnaire  .j.... 

J> 
reasonably  cer-  ...  .°   .. 

tain                 ^^\ 
reasonably  nee-  ...     w 

tense)                 / 
(write) 

essary          /\A 
reasonably          .   ?„..:.... 

reader                

worth                  .. 
reassemble-dd     <^..ln?K.. 

reading  room      ..../^  ... 
readjustment       x%  .... 
realization 

(reassume)      ...S\  
f    t  —  . 

recharge             ...^7...... 
recollect"*1            /     .. 

Quick 

quicken 

quickened 

quicker 

9 
realize                 ^ 

(recall) 

quickest 

>o 
(release) 

0 
recollection      .  ..  /\.    . 

auicklv 

realizable        .^..  

(reformation)  S?,..\^ 

82 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


reconsider1          

Xs) 

reconsideration  V... 

/^ 
reconstruct2        .     1_  .. 

refer-redd-ence    .  x^V-. 

referable             .///\^... 
/^\ 

referendum       / 

relate-d2-ation  ...L/..  .... 
relationship     ..6/  
relative                L/ 

s\ 

reconstruction    U... 

.    x^ 

reconstructive      0      u. 

/^C 

refinedly             
reflect-edd              /^~ 

relatively        (/  
relator                 C/ 

recover-ed~d        ../..  

ry 
reflection              xO 

relevancy           t/  Vi 

recoverable        /..  .V 

reflects                .^>P.... 

/o 
reliance 

recovery             ./.  

recriminate-d1     
-ation               9    6~2> 
rccross-examin- 

reflexes               ...Xo... 
reform-ed"d         ..x^.l.. 
reformatory          /^  V\ 

{/> 
reliant              ...L/.. 

religion                / 
religious                ' 

ation 
redeliver-ed""1      .x^l  .  .. 

reformer             ..X\ 

religiously       .     7 

redelivery           ./"I/ 

•7      « 

ref  resh-ed  (in        / 

religiousness      SWR 

redetermine-dl    X^ri 

phrases)               -^    - 
ref.  your  (my)      's~i 

relinquish-ed1     .  .   ~., 

-ation                    ^   J 
redirect  examin-  /cr~> 

memory              / 
ref.  your  (my)       / 

-ment              (/^) 
relinquisher 

ation                    - 
redisrowr-ed1      /J.  ,  •> 

recollection        ^-^V 
refrigerative       .           !? 

reluctancy          L/   )  .. 

reduction            ...//]j... 

regeneration       ...</[/  .. 

reluctant-ce        ..(_/..  ST. 

(radiation)         s\j 

(rejection)       /I  ~^ 

reluctantly        L/ 

reduplication       *e 

regenerative       /(/  /I 

remark"'' 

reelection             ^fy    . 

register-ed"d            /U. 

^^ 

remarkable-y  .^  .  . 

yU^, 

reengage1            /  • 

(registrar)           /»( 

^\o 

remarkable-    

x^-x 

reengagement     ./../-*..... 
reestablish-ed       /l!\ 

register  of  deeds  ...x^^.. 
registration          /% 

ness               rv 
remember1       ...  \  

remembrance  A  

-ment                      > 
reexamine           ./<'~"5.. 

regular-ity          ../^.  

remotest             ....A^.... 

reexamination     ./^    .. 

regularly            /^.... 

renownedly         .y^f.. 

(resumption)      o  —  "^ 

regulate-dz          / 

/~* 

reorganization          

J3 

reexchange           /       ' 

j*J> 

reinspect-ed2      /  ^\ 

/~° 

reorganize           

-ion 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


83 


reorganized 
repeatedly 
(rapidly) 
replenish'-ment 
reprehend2 
reprehender 

reprehensible-y 
-ity 

(reappear- 
ance) 

reprehensible- 
ness 

reprehension 

reprehensive 

reprchensory 

represent"11 

representation 

representative 

representer 

reproduction 

reproductive 

republic 

republican 

Republican 

party 
Democratic 

party 
republicanism  , 

republication 

republish 

republished 


repudiate-d2 
repugnance-t-ly 
repugnancy 
require1 

(reward) 
requirement 

resemble-dd 

-ance 
reserve-d1 

reservedly 
reserver 
resignation 
respect-ed"11 
respectability 
respectable-y 
respcctableness 
respecter 
respectful-ly 
respectfulness 
respective 
(reception) 
(receptive) 
respectively 
respond-ed2-ent 
responsibility 
responsible 
responsiblencss 


responsive-ly 

responsive  to  thex^ ,  .\. . . . 

question 

in  response 

to  the  question 
restaurant 

(restrained)     ..  // 

restraining  order/ 
restriction 

(illustration) 
restrictive 

(illustrative)   . .  (.. \j ... . 
resurrect-ed"d      . .  X_ 

(reserve) 
resurrection 

(reservation) 
retraction 


reverend 
(reverent) 
(reverently) 


84 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


reverential-ly      /.\*/.... 

S 

search-warrant  .o/7/}.. 

•7 
(referential)    ../..  

*M 

sanctification      5O., 

secretary             o_  

revolution        ../O.  

A.    f) 

sanctify1             ..^r^.. 

secretary  of     •••a-P  
state                 T 

(revulsion)      S\J.  .... 

sanguine          

secretary  of     ..--y/.... 

/ 

<<_p 

war 

revolutionary    /'"X  .... 

sanguinary      ...-..../... 

secretaryof     .  Q—  

( 

1~? 

the  company 

revolutionist  ,.../9  

sanguinely      .S~.. 

secretary  of          f\s. 
the  treasury       Q 

revolutionize  ....  /?..... 

sanguineness  
p 

secretaryship  ...^—l.. 

revolutions      ....^£?... 

satisfaction 

secure1              

per  minute   x\j^= 

rb 

o  — 

rcvolve-d"'' 

sadsfactorily      Cr^"... 

self               i     o  

revolver              ^-\ 

satisfactoriness  .L/^" 

self  -advance-    ol^  

s 

0 

ment               <" 

(rifle)              .^.  

satisfactory        ...  p/... 

self-ad  ver-       ,.o.l  

revolving 

satisfy 

tisement             n 
self-control               1 

right-hand          v  

(suit)               ...f.  

self-destruc-    ...d  

.n 

tion               |  U 

right-hand          ....v.^|  

satisfied           r  

self-develop-   ..l\  

side                 /^\ 
(wrong  side)               .. 

e  ^ 

savings  bank       xo  

ment           0  ).  s 
self-esteem      

right-handed      v  

saviour             .X^  

self  -evident       cN-^   . 

/c 

® 

right  of  way 

say  (in  phrases)  o  

seU-explana-   P\  

S 

K->        > 

tory 

(right  away) 

hearsay           

self-govern-     ..    °"^. 

ment              -^y 

(     d       "1        /I 

how  do  you 

self-know- 

/*"** 

rolling-stock       L/..  

say             J   h> 
shedidnot    j  

ledge 
self-neglect     -&s-~~... 

say                  QJ 

Roman  Catholic^Vr-^  .. 

shesays            

. 

Roman  CatholiX-^  ~,  ..  ... 

willyousay     ./..  

tion 
self-reliance     

cism                   ^5—  ^ 

) 

o 

room  (in            .  ...^^  .... 

scientific-al-ly      M^^ 

self-respect      .  s!^\  . 

phrases) 

\ 

,/t 

roundhouse         .._  

scientist              ...^?.  

self-righteous  .....  ' 

rupture-d"d         .  sS^\, 

scripture 

self-sacrifice-    .c  "~\  . 

NO 

scriptural-ly    

self-satisfied    ..of 
b 

WORD 

self-sufficient  °  
selflsh-ly          ....J..  

selfishness       ...</j>.... 

xiT^ 
sentimentalism  ^-^ 

SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 
significance      
(consequence)  

CTIONS                       85 

6^7 
solicitor-general  ....!/.  

somebody         ..<fr\ 
something          c5^>_^. 
sometime         .<j>  
(same  time)    .<j>rr^... 
somewhat        
somewhere          (T^s/.  . 
somewhere  or  <$  —  •/ 

significancy             ' 

significant 

separate           ....9s.  

(spread)          ....A  
<?  \ 
(support)         .  .Ax"  ... 

separately        °V 

(consequent)  
significantly    (... 
signification 

significative      
signify"1            
similar-ity 
similarly         '.... 
(small)            
(smaller) 
(simple-y)                  .. 

<\. 

separation  (voc.)  ....X).... 

(expression)    ...T\i... 
(suppression)  .  °\.  .  ~  
separator            ..jfX...... 
September         .:^T^... 

sergeant-at-        .._^/t^... 
arms                °^a     >—  ; 
several              ....V  — 

severally         ..^-^.. 
(safely)            ...\jfTT 
severally        ...>•.  ... 
shall 

shipment            .....^  

JL_ 
shortcoming       

should  (up)       ../.  
shrink                  .<TX  
shrinkage             ^^^    .  . 

other 
son-in-law          ^-^_^/.. 

South  America   .  .  ..£..  

southeast         ..    

°\ 
southeaster      1  

°\ 
southeasterly  ....LfT.  

°\ 
southeastern       .1... 

southerly            ..v^  
(safely)           ..Tsr.  
southern          ....ii  
southerner      ....lr^.... 

southernmost  ..vT^3.... 
southward         '..../?  
southwardly       £./?...... 
southwest        0  .... 
south  wester     M.... 

southwesterly  0  

cr>v/^ 
southwestern  Q.  

southwest-      .    /X  
ward 

single 

singly 

singular-ity         
singularly           
sinking-fund       ..^^... 
sister-in-law        ..<~_^/  
situate-d-d       
situation 

skillful-ly         

(2  V 

skillfulness      
slacken-edd         ../rTTTT?. 
smooth-spoken    .?~t  

sidewalk             ~r  
signature         

86 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


C-v 

southwest-          ^V^~ 

stenographer              j 

(subtract)            Vi 

wardly         R 
apeak               ......  

(son)               ...fi  s  ... 

D              L_ 

subcontractor     \1 

9 
(spoke)           *.\  

special-ly         ...\.  

speciality        ....\^.  ... 
specialty              \  /\ 

stenographic       SS^TT-T  .  . 
stenography       ..1™S*. 
stepbrother         ..\o^.... 

^A\ 

stock-certificate             * 

subdivide            ...J.S^... 
subdivision         ..  ..Sv  

0^3 

subject  (n)         .  ...\  
(subject)  (v)  \ 

specific                   y 

c*_0 

stock  exchange         / 

subjected               \1 

specifical-ly        ..Jf.  

stockholder      .  " 

subjection        .   \)  ... 

specification       ...JP.  
(supposition)  ...^  

(plansand       "s^... 
specifications)  ^ 
spiritedly            .../^. 

°x^c~^ 

spirituous  li-       ..?  
quors                   o 
spoken                  ^ 

(soldier)          .6~J.  
street-railroad     ,ff^\..-.. 

street-railway     .  .<??.  

yi. 

street-railway     #..  
company          a 
strength              .  ...1^.  ... 

°\^ 
strengthen              L^. 

R 

(exhibition)     ..^  

subjective        .  .^  

subjectivity    .  ..  p  
subjectiveness  ^v^.... 
subjugate2            \  
subjugation        ...     \  . 

sportsmanlike  °)p-7^  
springlike           ._""•"  
standardization  p  
standardize         .  .  p    ... 

strictest 
'T 
strictly  speaking  .  .  H?^.  .  . 

(generally       .  o^ 
speaking)     '     ^. 
strong                 .  T^f.. 

(subjection)    .  \>  

\ 

subordinate        x 
-d-d-tion        \ 
(specific)         .  ^P  

9  V? 

(subornation)  .V... 

statesmanlike    j~->  

I 
statistician          ™     . 

n 

strongly              ...Trf.  ... 
stronger                — 

subpoena-edd      .  ^^-^  .. 
subpoena 

statute                .[  

statute  of  limi-    £^  
tations             «  <T° 
statutory             \,  

steam-engine      ...?Ir... 
steam  shovel       . 

°[ 
strongest             ....S*?... 

c 

stronghold          .    ^~f 



structure             .1  ... 

^>    1 
stumhling-hlork       N. 

duces  tecum    ? 
subscribe-d1        ..S>  

subscriber          "  ...  \  . 

D 

subscription        .  " 

v 

subscriptive          " 
snh<;pniipnrp            \. 

steamshin           'f..... 

subcontract         .NT) 

subsenuent          .  \-^ 

WORE 

subsequently      .\    f^ 

.. 
-ient                  o    x 

subservience       ...  ^K  •••••• 

subserviency      ....V--- 
substantial-ly     .....Sp.... 

substantially     Np  
correct              r^  
substantially       .../Nfi.... 

SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 
(sudden)         ...J  
suggestively  (£fr 

suggestive-      ./P.../*... 

ness           ^-°  ^-^ 
superficial-ly     °v  

superficiality  .  °V  ..<.. 

superficial-      °\  _ 
ness                ^~^ 
superhuman        ^V-—  • 

(superman)      5\   . 

CTIONS                          8  7 
(expression)    ,...\5  

(separation)     .  /X)  
(voc.)            <\ 
supreme  (in 

phrases)            c\_ 
supreme  court      „ 

supremest           ..^^^  .. 

sure                     Jf, 

(assure)          ...../)  
surely              /^~... 
sureness          ...^s_£... 
surgeon-general  .o^if.... 
surprise            „?. 

the  same           o  0"^ 
substantials        ...No  
od 
substantiate-d1  ...Np  
-tion                  <,  u 
substitute2          ...No  

substitution        .  N>p  
o       U 

substructure       Nj>  

0 

subtraction         ..No 

0       \     U 

subtractive       Nn.\n... 

'03-0 

succinct              
succinctly           (..... 
suddenly            "<~^/  
sufficiency 

v-^ 

superincumbent  .f\  

V—-' 

superintend      .  ^  
-ent 
superintend-   '"^.p... 
ence 
superintend-    ?S.... 
ency                   J 
supernatural    ...f\.    .. 

-ly                      CX    ^ 

superscribe1        ...9..  .  \.. 

(express)         .../\>... 
(suppress)         "^V 

surprisingly     ....  ?>'  .... 
surprised 

superscription 

<\ 

superstruction    .51  

CK    U 

superstructural  ;ta  

-ly              v 

superstructure    ...>s\.  
suppress            °\, 
(express)         .....\5  
suppress!  ve     ...°V^.  ... 
(expressive)     .....>o  
suppressor      ...?\^..  ... 
suppressed       ...?V..... 
(expressed)      ^>... 
suppression        °v     . 

(expressed)      .N>  .... 
(suppressed)   ..  .°S^  .... 

surveyor-gen-     c/V_  .. 
eral                   o  J 
suspect2            .  !\  
O 
suspension       .  ^  

suspensive          ,:\  

G^y 

suspensory          ....NX... 

9 

suspicion 

R 

suspicious         ...... 
O 

suspiciously    ....  ..£   ... 

suspiciousness  .^LP  .. 

O 

sufficicnt-ly        
suffrage              ...  S^  

(savage)          ^_  . 

?     / 

suffragette            ;>> 

suffragist            .  ..S^  
suggest-ed"d         f 

-ion                  *p 

(said)              1  

suggestive        ,7s  V°. 

STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


(soft)  (voc.)     . 

e 

swifter            .     \^.... 
swiftest           
switch               
switch  engine  

f 

switchman      .......... 

P 
system 

temperature       U-r—  «v.. 
tempest              ..  .Ur^  ... 
tempestuous       .....W>.. 
temporarily        ...jurat.... 
temporary          ....U-rv/T 

temporary  ali-   U>x£v_, 
mony 
tendency                 J 

C3— 

that 
the 

the  other            (  
them                     C  
themselves       .    x3     . 
(this  is)           
thenceforth           (a 

(city) 

tending  to  show      J/ 

thenceforward      G 

PHE 

svstematiza-         ^1 

territorial                rl/( 

thereafter 

*i                          D   rt> 
tion 

systemization 

territory             ....  1^    .. 

therefore            .  )        .. 

T 

tangible-  y-ility        I 

testatrix              ...,t>  
(admuiistra-    1  

therefrom           .)—>.. 

thereinafter        2_.  

tangibleness        ...I  
tank                   ....1  

taxicab               ^  

,<J~~\ 
techmcal-ly        ....1  

technicality            1 
telegram             ..  r—  —  .... 
telegraphic            I 

trix)               ,  <JL_O 
testimony            J—  ^  

testimony  of  the.  J-^,.... 
defendant           . 
testimony  of  the..  <}—  x  .. 
plaintiff              ,    ^ 
testimony  of  the   <f—  ^  .  .  . 
witness              . 
textbook             .  1  a  .. 

texture               .    uo  .. 
thank                   f 

theretofor           ..*)  
thereunder         c___^ 
therewith          »....|  
therewithal         ....A  

f\    ^ 

thermometer      .^~~~^.. 
these 
(this) 

telegraphical       ...rrpr.... 
p'  /- 

thanked          (.  
thankful-ly          ( 

(those)            (o  
thing 

telescope-ic-ally  ,.j!  
tell                     [  
temperament-al  w<—  """v^ 

thankfuhiess  .....1^^. 
thankless        (/$.. 
thanklessly     ....(/*.. 

think 

thinkable        ...  V  
thinker            C^......^,. 

temperately        ...Urrv... 

thanklessness  / 

this 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS                   89 

thoroughgoing    ...(/.*.... 

/ 

(for  the  first     ...S^  .... 
day)             1     ^ 

transfer'11  (v)      ..  .L  

those                     x> 

tincture-drt         rr-rrr... 

transfer  (n)        'V  

though             r  

to                       \  

n  ^ 

transferability    ,.K._..... 

thousand              f 

to  a 

transferable        ..  b  

i 

thousandfold  /  

to  the 

transference        .  U    -^ 

thousandth     (  

together           ...__  .... 

transf  orm-ed      .  trx.  

cv    H 

-ation               A     ' 

threshold             Jk.  

tomorrow           .  .  vrrv/  . 

transf  orma-        ...\TV__... 

threshing-ma-     .   is.  

tonight 

tive                  n    ^~^ 
transformer        .  irx.  

chine 
throughout         ..^  

too                          N  

1      ^ 
transgress           ....brr... 

thunderstorm     ...JL  

topography-ic     .  N^^ 

transgressed        ....  b.'~~>.  . 

thus                   to 

toward              1  

transgression      ....  o~~"^.  . 

thyself 

towards            Is  

transgressor        .  D—  a  ... 

tighten                

town  hall            1  

r 

tranship-ed1        .  1  
-ment               3?n 

(deaden)          .  V^,  .... 

town  clerk           1  

transport2           <j^.. 

p 

(townclock)    .1  
trade-mark         .Irr*  — 

transportable      •    (L  

fs 

transportation    (W^. 
n 

(until)             '  

(at  all)             [  

tragedy               f\  

' 
transporter         .  dv  

timber 

transaction           'I 

transubstantia-  0-^- 

timbered             .^~~*\... 

n  <ri 
(transition)        ?  

tion                     n\ 
transverse                 b  .  . 

time  (in  full  or)  
daytime         .  trr-->  ... 

transatlantic       ..(1L,  
transcontinental  jfTTT.  .. 

transversely        b.... 

1      ( 

treasure                K 

time  of  day     i.  

transcontinental  .fT.  

treasurer                g..  k.. 

timecatd         
1  

line                 V 
transcribe1           ~\.. 
n  

treasury              .%..  K/ 

(ticker)            ..!  

transcriber          .  ~       ^v 

trial 

i 
,         L  —  *—t\'  —  *  —  *\ 
timekeeper      ...\.  

>  transcript            ...^  
0  d      \ 

trunk                  .  ..  \^.,... 

(for  the  first  W~^ 

\    ~> 
transcription      .".  

0 

trunkful              ...L^,  .. 

time)                    VN 

90              STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  Si 

truth                         0       .     unbusinesslike        O 

1ORTHAND 

uncorrupted-    .^5r~^Sp 
ness                           . 
uncovered        •+~-*rr-r... 

unctuous            ....^  
undamaged        ."^"T.^^.. 
undemocratic     lr-s. 
under              -^  <.. 

undeserved         .  ^)f  .... 
undigested         ....</..  
undignified         ...  ^~~ 

truthful-ly       .A:  

truthfulness    ...  /I  .  . 

P 
twelve-th         ,.l  

twice                  ....7!>k.... 

tWO                            ....N  

typewrite            ....!\  
typewriter          ,..^\^... 
typewriting        ....!\  .... 
typewritten        .  ...l^V,  ... 

U 

unacceptable      ...  ^_o 
(unspeakable)  ...  V  
unaccepted         ^^Q. 
(inspected)      .s~~\,  . 
unaccompany     .            . 

uncertain            .>—£/.... 
uncertainty        .r>—  9u.. 

unchallenged      ..^~~f..... 

*"  —  ~f 
unchangeable-y  ^/.. 

unchange            ..^~J  ..... 

uncollected       —  < 
uncommon                 x  . 

(unique) 

uncommonly      *?£...,. 
(uniquely)              ( 

'  1 
(indignity)      

undiscernedly     \.fL..... 
undischarged      ^71  .. 
undiscoverable~j  —  ^  . 
undiscovered      ,^J_  o  . 

undiscriminat-    -^P.  
ing                  .j,  
(indiscrimi-     
nating) 
undistributed    ^\\  

(indistinct)     ....ZlL 
undisturbed        !^D  j  .  . 
unengaged         .^-  —  /-r. 
unenthusiastic    .;  —  ^_^ 
unequivocal^^TT  
unexaggerated        n. 

unconcerned       ....^  
unconcernedly    .    "v^. 

unconcerned-      ...^_p--. 
ness                   "|-1 
unconditional     .  ..  .  Y  .. 

-ly 
unconnertpd      ••  —  x  , 

-ied'                       i. 
unaccomplish     ... 
-ed1 
unaccountable-y  

(uncountable) 

unconscious        9: 

(anxious)            ^~^ 

unconsciously     . 

unadvisable       ,^Z\..., 

(inadvisable)  .^^ 

~~\* 
(invisible)       ,1^.. 

(unfeasible)     ^L 

unconsciousness      c*^^. 

unconstitutional  P 

-ly   _                      Y 

(institution)    .  ^~T  .... 

unconstitution-  0..... 
ality              M 
uncorrected  —          '  ... 

unexaminable     

*—  'N. 

»••    (incorrect) 

unexamined       

Cneiehborlv)    .Nr. 

uncorruotedlv  —  STTTTN/' 

unexampled 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS 


91 


unexcepted 

unexception- 

ableness 
unexpected 

(inspected) 
unexpectedly 
unexplainable 
unexplained 
unexploded 
unexpressed 
unfairness 
unfamiliar-ity 
unfamiliarly 

unforgiven 

• — 

unforgiving 
unforsaken       "~~ 
unforeseen 
unfortunate-ly    . 
unfurnished 
(unvarnished) . 

ungentleman- 

like 
ungentlemanli-  . 

ness 
ungentlemanly 

(ungently) 
unholiness 
unhopeful-ly 
uniform 


uniformity 
uniformly 

(inform)  \ 

unimaginable-y 
unimaginative 
unimportance-t  . 

(unimproved) 
unimportantly    . 
unimprovable 
unimproved 

(unimpor- 
tant) 
uninfluenced 


uninfluential 
uninformed 
uninhabited 
uninstructed 

uninstructive 


unintoxicating 
union 

(communion) 
United  States 

universal-ly 
Universalism 
Univcrsalist 
universality 


v£> 

rxi 


...Jj    1  . 


universalness 
universe  .....^ 

university 

(anniversary) 
unlearned 
unlearnedly 


,^r... 


unless 

unmannerly 

unnatural-ly 

unnaturalized 

unnegotiable 

unnumbered 

(encumbered) 
unobjected 
unobserved 
unobstructed 
unobstructedly 
unorganized 
unpopular-ly 
unpractised 
unprecedented  \j. 

unpremedi- 

tatedly 
unprescrvcd 

unprincipled 
unprobatcd 


92 


STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  SHORTHAND 


unproductive      .  \.  .  .  .  \ 

—  AJb    J 

unprohibited       ...\.  

unprophetic 

unspoken            ./T^  .... 

unsportsman-   *^prr~>  
like 
unstatesman-      tr  —  ^ 

untruthfulness    ?~r/\_^p 
unusual-ly          —  /  
unwarlike 

unproportionate  .....\y. 

unproportioned  ....\..... 
\J| 
unpublished        ^T^X..... 

unquestion-      ^__ 
able-y                   \ 
unreasonable-y  ...<^j^.. 

unreasonable-     .  ^i^.  e   .  . 

like 
unsteadfast         ^~rfi  

unsteadfastly      ^~ft^~. 
unsteadfastness  .  .^—  61  ... 
unsub  jected        .^.N  1  .  . 
unsub  jugated     ^S  
unsubordinated    | 

^- 
unwelcome-d     -  6  

unwilling            -—  C..  
unworkmanlike  >«*/  
unworldliness     ..r^rfV>... 
unwritten           .<^^^.. 
(in  writing) 

ness                     5^^ 
unreformed      ^_/^  ) 

—  C 
unsubstantial-ly        Na 

upheld                    \ 

unrelated         '  —  '£/ 

-    0  ' 

unsubstantial-           ^o 

(pulled) 

unrepresented  ^_,/^... 

ed                           |T 

.•            —  O  ~*~-£> 

unsuggestive       j~^    §•• 

uphold                   \ 

unresponsible        ^-S. 

unsuspected           N. 

unner                    \    .. 

unrewarded        t^t/4.. 

unsanctified        ...._  
unsatisfactorily  .  ~~~y^~-- 

unsuspectedly    ^\s-... 

^0 
unsuspectingly   A^.... 

unsuspicious       .           . 

upstairs            ...^\)  ... 
usual-ly            /  
utilitarian             f^x?  •• 

unsatisfactory      .'    T/ 

unsuspiciously            {~- 

utility 

unsatisfied             ^~P 

>Jb 

unsuspicious-           —  ^ 

utilization             n   •   .. 

unscriptural 

ness 
unthankful-ly       s  —  f 

m 
utilize                     S~ 

unsecure          ^-W     ». 

—  f 
unthinkable            A 

f 

utilized                    f    •• 

(insecure)        

"^ 

unthinking         ....L  

V         * 

unsecured            V_Q. 

until                      ' 

\ 

vacant               V  ^  .... 

unselfish           ...-/..  

un  timbered         ....r"^^ 

vaccinate2          .  L.  

unselfishly      ...£.     .. 

untinctured         ^••L-<1 

(fascinate)       ..1.  

unselfishness  .  ^_g>  . 

untoward              v  —  1  . 

^Qs 
vaccination         ..V.  

-~\ 
unsneakable-v    v... 

untruthful-lv      ...rrrfl... 

vaccine               .\.  ... 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS                    93 

vainglorious        V,  —  n.  . 

vcngefulness         >^  

(feasibility)     .S°\  .. 

vainglory            S^*-  

verge                  ..S-»  

visibleness            ^^  >o. 

U  v 

valid                  .  Vy  ^1 

(average)         ...y....  

(advisable-      ..>°No. 
ness)              ^  v 

(valued) 

(voyage)         ^ 

(feasibleness)     ^°v>.. 

validity              ../""I  

vermiform           ...\rrro. 

visitor                  ^^^ 

validly                 .  .  ../'...„ 

vice  versa              ^^    .. 

vitriform            .Nv.  

validness             

vice-president     .....^J  

viva  voce            .^\ 

^D 

value1                  ^^   . 

...                                    ^ii_^ 

vicinity                ...TTrTT.  ... 

vivisection            ^V 

valuable            .  \^__. 
(available)      ^J    N  .  . 

vigilance             "...^J~.  
vigilant                t/~... 

^ 
voluntary         

voluntary  ac- 

valuableness    .  Vv 

vigilantly            ...<fcr.  ... 

tion             tv~ 
voluntarily      (.  

O" 

(voluble)          ...  T"^..  .. 

( 
virgin                  .  .Sy..  .. 

voluptuous-ly     ..S^^... 

valuation        .    ^^... 

virginal               ...>y  ... 

-ary                 r\      ^ 
voluptuousness  .S^.  

valuator           ..  ^  

Virginia               .><_  

W          / 

valueless         .  .^y'?. 

Virginian             ...S>y  .... 

warehouse          L/..Q 

vanquish1        .     ^._.....J|.. 

virginity              ..^7  

(work  house)  c/.  .  .  .  _^ 
/^ 

vanquishable      s—  - 

virtue                   ^  

warehouseman  (S  

vanquisher         W_^-jN 

virtueless        ...."^v..... 

warm1               

vanquishment     .  L__  

by  virtue  of     ^T^... 

warmer            

vegetable            ...S^  

virtuous            .....T!& 

warmly 

vegetable  king-   .  .V^  
dom 

virtuously       ...fX.  

warmness 

vegetarianism      ,V__..... 

virtuousness    .  .'^^p 

warmth           S  .. 
.0 

vegetate-d2          ...S^  

visible-y              .....^  

warranty  deed          ' 

vegetative          .   X-  ... 
vengeance           ..SL  
vengeful-ly         ..S«*  

(advisable)      .  ..^V.. 

-biiity)       r 

(feasible)         ....^\... 
visibility              .>.. 

was                   )  
watchword          ^>  
water                .\ 

(weather)        
watermark      ^ 

what  were 

whereas              t/ 

what  would 

o 
whereof            .  6/  

whereon           ...iS..  

whether 

c 

whetheror      
not 
(as  to  whether  
or  not) 
whether  we         
C 
whether  you-r    

o, 

which                      /... 

whichsoever    ..../  
whichever        ...u  
while 

way  (in  phrases).  .c  ..a  

/<. 
(railway)         .£/.  

wayward            TX.-'tX. 
waywardly         \jtis... 

waywardness   \  .  fc/^rr? 

^c 

we                    

*-) 
what  year           .      ....... 

o 

what  you-r 

whatever          u  
wheelbarrow       .      

when 

whenever        

^_P 

whensoever           ^"~ 

we  are 

</3 

we  are  not 

whence            .  c_P  .. 
whencesoever  .  .  .  c  O  .  .  . 
where                LS 

C 
we  were             

we  will 

we  will  not 

whereabout    ..t/.,.  

s^^*. 

whereabouts  ..(S.  
whereat          ..6^.1.... 
whereby         ..c/\.. 
wherefore        6/<'\s.. 
wherein          .(S^Z... 

whereinto        i/^~^\ 
9 
wheresoever    ..cS^*- 

,A 

whereto           ..eS  

whereunto       i/^T\ 
whereupon       (/  ^.. 

f* 
whilst 

whimsical-ly       

we  would 

wearing  apparel  c,/\./ 

weather 

c 

welcome               v    

whimsicahiess 

whitewash 

whithersoever     ol  •••• 
Wisconsin           .  ^~°  . 
who                  .    / 

were                  .....c  
were  we             ....C.  

were  you-r         ...C/.  

-^S' 

westerly                  0 

whoso                 <     '.. 
whosoever       ....£  
whoever           ..  L  
(who  are)        1  
(who  have)     ....L  
whole               /"  
wholeness        ../^~    . 

westward           ....^y. 
westwardly,       ..^y^.. 
West  Virginia     TV.. 
what                          * 

wherever         6/V- 
wherewith         c*£. 

what  we 

wherewithal      t/^.. 

WORD 
wholesale        ..f*>.  
wholesaler       X?     ;.... 

SIGNS  AND  CONTRA 

withheld             (.  

/  < 

withhold             \  

<   ( 
within               V.  

CTIONS                        95 
workmanship  ...iSJ  ... 
world 

wholesome       /'^  • 

worldliness 

wholesomely   .y^~^..  .  . 

wholesome-     .../Jtt> 
ness 
whom 

without                 (. 

worldly            .      
worship               ...Cs4.  .... 
would                   -3 

withstand            ....a"  

withstood           .T-  ... 
c     I 
witness 

would  we            D  
would  what        D  
would  you-r        ^7  

X 

x-ray                  ..77-^.... 

x-ray  picture      .  .TTTXX^.  . 

Y 

yard                  

yardstick        .      

u 

ye 

whose                6  
whosesoever    .   fc  
why                  ....:.  
width               > 
will                   ..../C.-. 
willing             ..L.  
willingly         ...L..  
wish1                 ^..  ... 
wisher             
wishing            .   * 

f 
witness  stand  ...,u.  

witnessed 

womanhood 

"T 

womanlike 

work                    (/ 

work-farm          c/^...^ra 
workhouse          L/......Q. 
(warehouse)    ..^/  
working-day       .  c/.  .  .  .  .|  .  . 
(work  day)     c/..  1  .  . 
workingman       it.,  

year 

C- 

with 

Y 
yearling          .  Sr'  

Y 
yearly             ....V  

WJ 

year  to  year    
yes                    ..(  ...P  

yes,  your        ...f  
Honor            (j/ 
yes,  sir              ...D..Q.. 

yesterday           ...|  
yet                      >    u 

withal             
with  what          
with  you-r          

withdraw            ...  V|  

(rl 
withdrawal         ....Y|  

<r 

withdrawer         ....TJ...... 
withdrawn          ....V|  

L 

withdrew            ...;f\  

workroom         <4...  
(workingroom)  i/..  .  .  ^~ 
workshop            .</...  
(worship)         ..(S^/..... 
workwoman      </.  
workman          ...ot...... 
workmanlike  .c/..  
workmanly       L/.  

you                    ..    o 

96              STANDARDIZED  REPORTING  S 

you  were             ....D  

(-in 

Cl  <J  .... 

you  would          ....O  

phrases) 
your  Honor 

(T 

young                 .**—  /  

if  your  Honor  . 
please 

&• 

young  man         ,.vs^»  .. 

if  your  Honor  . 

pleases 

-%> 

younger              v-*.  s.. 

in  your  office  . 

youngest             ...v^0.... 

in  your  shop    . 

your                  ..  -..(..  

for  your  reply  . 

W\ 

yours 
yourself 
yourselves 
youth 

youthful-ly 
youthfulness 


ERRATA  AND  ADDENDA 
Page  49      Antarctic,  the  N  should  be  half  length. 

Page  57  Discriminate,  notice  possible  danger  of  conflict  with 
designate,  which  should  have  been  inserted  at  this 
point. 

Page  64      Hire  should  not  be  printed  in  heavy-face  type. 
Page  65       Inactive,  outline  omitted.     Should  be  N3-Ktiv 

Page  66  Inconsideration,  line  omitted.  Should  be  second 
position. 

Page  67  Inexperience,  line  omitted.  Should  be  second  posi- 
tion. 

Page  71       Marketable,  outline  omitted.     Should  be  M3-Kt-Bl 

Page  88  Temperature,  danger  of  conflict  with  temper  in  cases 
like  "the  temperature  of  the  metal."  Vocalize 
temper.  , 

Page  92       Unquestionable  should  be  in  second  position. 

Page  92  Unusual,  the  words  anguish  and  English  should  be 
inserted  in  parentheses  after  this  to  call  attention  to 
possible  conflicts. 


PRESS   OF 
J.  C.  MILLER,  JR. 
MKDFORD,   MASS. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  TTRPAPV 


University  of  California 

SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 

405  Hilgard  Avenue,  Los  Angeles,  CA  90024-1388 

Return  this  material  to  the  library 

from  which  it  was  borrowed. 


NOV041B4 


AT 

s  ANGELES 
LIBRARY 


Z56   National  short- 
N21s  hand  principles- 

-  S bandar dined  - 
reporting  shorthand.., 


000  573  575  8 


N21s 


